Free Cisco 200-201 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 4

Rule-based detection involves identifying malicious activities based on predefined rules or patterns of known attacks; it does not adapt or change with new data. In contrast, behavioral detection adapts over time by learning from new data; it identifies malicious activities based on deviations from established norms or behaviors. References: CiscoCertified CyberOps Associate Overview, Section 1.0: Security Concepts, Subsection 1.1: Compare and contrast the characteristics of data obtained from taps, NetFlow, and packet capture)

The -sP option in Nmap is used for host discovery without port scanning, which helps in identifying live hosts without triggering portscan alerts on IDS devices. It sends an ICMP echo request, a TCP SYN packet to port 443, a TCP ACK packet to port 80, and an ICMP timestamp request to each target IP address and waits for a response. Any responses are considered as indications of a live host. References := Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals - Module 5: Endpoint Threat Analysis and Computer Forensics

The executable file is identified in the “name” section of the exhibit, which lists the file name “VAC-Bypass-Loader.exe”. This indicates that the file is an executable, as denoted by the “.exe” extension commonly associated with executable files in Windows operating systems.

The information provided is based on standard practices for identifying executable files within cybersecurity analysis reports and is consistent with Cisco’s cybersecurity documentation.

 During the collection phase of the forensic process, data related to a specific event is labeled and recorded to preserve its integrity. This step ensures that the data remains unaltered and authentic from the time of collection until it is presented as evidence,maintaining the chain of custody. References := Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals - Module 6: Security Incident Investigations

A network TAP (Test Access Point) is a hardware device designed to create an exact, full-fidelity copy of network traffic for monitoring and packet analysis. TAPs operate at the physical layer and replicate all packets—including errors and malformed frames—without dropping traffic.

This makes TAPs ideal for packet sniffing, intrusion detection, and forensic analysis where accuracy and completeness are critical. TAPs do not rely on switch resources and do not introduce packet loss during periods of high traffic.

SPAN (mirror) ports can also copy traffic but are dependent on switch processing capacity and may drop packets during congestion, making them unreliable for full-fidelity capture. NAT modifies traffic, and tunneling encapsulates data rather than copying it.

Cybersecurity operations documentation consistently identifies TAPs as the preferred solution when exact traffic replication is required.

Therefore, the correct answer is tap.

The IPv4 protocol header contains various fields that provide essential information for routing and delivery of packets across an IP network. Two key pieces of information collected from the IPv4 header are the source IP address and the destination IP address of the packet. These addresses are crucial for identifying where a packet is coming from and where it is intended to go12.

References := The structure and fields of the IPv4 header, including the source and destination IP addresses, are explained in detail in networking resources and documentation, such as the ComputerNetworkingNotes tutorial on IPv4 Header Structure1, and the Engineering LibreTexts on the IPv4 Header2.

In this scenario, the threat actor refers to the individuals or entities responsible for the attack that resulted in a breach of assets and sensitive information. The receptionist received a threatening call but did not take action, leading to an actual breach within 48 hours. References: The explanation is inferred from general cybersecurity knowledge as specific details are not provided in the Cisco Cybersecurity documents linked.

 In the context of phishing emails, the threat actor is the entity that is responsible for initiating the threat, which in this case is the sender of the phishing emails. The sender is impersonating the HR department to deceive the receiver into believing that the emails are legitimate