Free Cisco 300-410 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 4

The IPv6 Router Advertisement Guard feature provides support for allowing the network administrator to block or reject unwanted or rogue router advertisement guard messages that arrive at the network device platform. Router Advertisements are used by devices to announce themselves on the link. The IPv6 Router Advertisement Guard feature analyzes these router advertisements and filters out router advertisements that are sent by unauthorized devices.

Certain switch platforms can already implement some level of rogue RA filtering by the administrator configuring Access Control Lists (ACLs) that block RA ICMP messages that might be inbound on “user” ports.

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/border-gateway-protocol-bgp/23675-27.html

To configure Spoke to Spoke communication we can configure DMVPN Phase II or Phase III. But in Phase II, the first few packets would go through Hub. In order tototally ignore the hub, we have to use DMVPN Phase III:

DMVPN Phase III is same as Phase 2 but removes some restrictions and complexities of Phase 2. Also allows greater variety of DMVPN network designs we use:+ ip nhrp redirect in hub: tells the initiator spoke to look for a better path to the destination spoke than through the Hub. Upon receiving the NHRP redirect message thespokes communicate with each other over the hub and they have their NHRP replies for the NHRP Resolution Requests that they sent out.+ ip nhrp shortcut in spokes: overwrite the CEF table on the spoke. It basically overrides the next-hop value for a remote spoke network from the default initial hubtunnel IP address to the NHRP resolved remote spoke tunnel IP address)

Explanation

Once again, Cisco changed the IOS configuration commands required for OSPFv3 configuration. The new OSPFv3 configuration uses the “ospfv3” keyword instead of the earlier “ipv6 router ospf” routing process command and “ipv6 ospf” interface commands.

The Open Shortest Path First version 3 (OSPFv3) address families feature enables both IPv4 and IPv6 unicast traffic to be supported. With this feature, users may

have two processes per interface, but only one process per address family (AF).

There is an implicit deny all at the end of any route-map so all other traffic that does not match 172.20.5.0/24 would be dropped. Therefore we have to add a permitsequence at the end of the route-map to allow other traffic.

The default value of Local Preference is 100 and higher value is preferred so we have to set the local preference of AS100 lower than that of AS200.

Unlike legacy network technologies such as ISDN, Frame Relay, and ATM that defined separate data and control channels, IP carries all packets within a single pipe. Thus, IP network devices such as routers and switches must be able to distinguish between data plane, control plane, and management plane packets to treat each packet appropriately.From an IP traffic plane perspective, packets may be divided into four distinct, logical groups:1. Data plane packets – End-station, user-generated packets that are always forwarded by network devices to other end-station devices. From the perspective of the network device, data plane packets always have a transit destination IP address and can be handled by normal, destination IP address-based forwarding processes.2. Control plane packets – Network device generated or received packets that are used for the creation and operation of the network itself. From the perspective of the network device, control plane packets always have a receive destination IP address and are handled by the CPU in the network device route processor. Examples include protocols such as ARP, BGP, OSPF, and other protocols that glue the network together.3. Management plane packets – Network device generated or received packets, or management station generated or received packets that are used to manage the network. From the perspective of the network device, management plane packets always have a receive destination IP address and are handled by the CPU in the network device route processor. Examples include protocols such as Telnet,Secure Shell (SSH), TFTP, SNMP, FTP, NTP, and other protocols used to manage the device and/or network.4. Services plane packets – A special case of data plane packets, services plane packets are also user-generated packets that are also forwarded by network devices to other end-station devices, but that require high-touch handling by the network device (above and beyond normal, destination IP address-based forwarding) to forward the packet. Examples of high-touch handling include such functions as GRE encapsulation, QoS, MPLS VPNs, and SSL/IPsec encryption/decryption, etc. From the perspective of the network device, services plane packets may have a transit destination IP address, or may have a receive destination IP address (for example, in the case of a VPN tunnel endpoint).

The AD of static route is manually configured to 130 which is higher than the AD of OSPF router which is 110.