Free Huawei H12-811_V1.0 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers

Detailed Explanation:A device running Standard Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is not compatible with Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) BPDUs and will discard them upon receipt. STP devices cannot interpret the additional RSTP fields, leading to discarded BPDUs. (Reference: HCIA-Datacom Training Material, STP and RSTP Compatibility)

The tracert (Trace Route) command is a network diagnostic tool used to trace the path that packets take from the source device to the destination.

It works by sending ICMP Echo Requests (or UDP packets) with increasing TTL (Time-To-Live) values and recording responses from each hop along the way.

This helps network administrators identify routing issues, network delays, and connectivity problems in the forwarding path.

The command is commonly used in Huawei VRP to diagnose network latency or packet loss between different nodes.

Thus, the correct answer is A (TRUE).

Detailed Explanation:In Huawei's VRP (Versatile Routing Platform) command-line interface, when files are deleted using the delete or delete /unreserved command, they are moved to the recycle bin rather than being permanently deleted. To permanently delete these files, they need to be removed from the recycle bin using the reset recycle-bin command​​.

Main Functions of Routers:Routers primarily operate at the Network Layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model, forwarding data packets based on destination IP addresses and maintaining routing tables for decision-making.

Analysis of Options:

Option A: "Routers forward data packets based on source IP addresses" is incorrect, as routers use the destination IP address in a packet to determine its forwarding path, not the source IP address​​.

Option B: "Routers enable devices on the same network segment to communicate with each other" is not a function of routers. Devices on the same segment communicate using switches or hubs, which operate at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2)​​.

Option C: "Routers forward data packets according to routing tables" is a correct function, as routers rely on routing tables to determine the best path for forwarding packets.

Option D: "Routers learn routes through multiple routing protocols and add them to the routing table" is a correct function of routers in dynamic routing scenarios​.

Correct Answer:The functions A and B are not main functions of routers.

Detailed Explanation:Using DHCP provides several advantages:

It helps prevent IP address conflicts because the DHCP server dynamically assigns IP addresses, ensuring each device gets a unique one.

IP addresses can be reused by setting lease times, allowing the DHCP server to recycle addresses from devices that no longer need them.

Centralized configuration management is also possible. If network configuration details such as the DNS server change, the administrator can update these settings on the DHCP server, and all DHCP clients will automatically receive the new information​​.

SNMP Port Numbers:

161: Used for SNMP managers to send requests to agents.

162: Used by SNMP agents to send trap or alarm messages to the Network Management System (NMS).

163 and 164: Not commonly used in SNMP operations.

With a subnet mask of /25, the IP range for this subnet would be 192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.127. Here, 192.168.1.127 is the last usable address in the subnet, making it a valid host address rather than a network or broadcast address. This address falls within the range of available host addresses for that subnet​.

Huawei devices support different authentication modes:

authentication-mode local: Requires a username and password stored locally.

authentication-mode hwtacacs: Uses Huawei TACACS+ authentication, which requires a username and password.

authorization-mode hwtacacs: Refers to authorization (not authentication).

authentication-mode none: Does not require a username or password, meaning no authentication is needed.

Thus, the correct answer is D.