Free Huawei H12-891_V1.0 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 3

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

TheHuawei SD-WAN Solutioninvolves four types of channels to ensure smooth and efficient network operation:

Management Channel (A):Used for managing and monitoring SD-WAN devices. It facilitates communication between theiMaster NCE-Campus controllerand SD-WAN devices.

Control Channel (B):Responsible for transmittingcontrol plane informationsuch as routing updates and protocol control messages.

Data Channel (C):Carries actualuser data trafficover the SD-WAN network.

Orchestration Channel (D):Used forservice orchestration, configuration delivery, and policy management.

All four channels work together to provide comprehensive network management, data transmission, and service orchestration in an SD-WAN environment.

GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) has the following benefits:

B. VPN Construction — GRE is often used to build site-to-site VPNs.

C. ARP Encapsulation — GRE supports Layer 2 protocol encapsulation such as ARP.

D. Multicast Support — GRE tunnels can encapsulate multicast packets, unlike traditional IPsec.

A. Enlarging the hop limit is incorrect — GRE does not inherently change TTL or hop behavior; routing protocols still use standard IP processing.

Exact Extract - Huawei HCIE-Datacom Tunneling Chapter:

“GRE can encapsulate multicast and broadcast packets and supports L2 protocols like ARP. It is often used for VPN construction over the internet.”

Understanding L3VPN over SRv6 BE Networks

????What is L3VPN over SRv6?

Layer 3 VPN (L3VPN) allowsmultiple private routing domainsto operate over a shared service provider backbone.

SRv6 (Segment Routing over IPv6) replaces traditionalMPLS labels with IPv6 Segment Identifiers (SIDs).

Best Effort (BE)mode means thatno explicit Traffic Engineering (TE) constraints are applied.

How Routing Works in This Scenario

Key Components in the Network:

PE1 & PE2 (Provider Edge routers): Connect customer networks (CE1 & CE2).

P Router (Core Router): Provides transit between PE routers over SRv6.

SRv6 SID FC00:2::1:79: Used forVPN routing at PE2(End.DT4 function).

Step-by-Step Route Learning Process:

1️⃣PE1 advertises the 192.168.1.0/24 VPN route to PE2 using iBGP VPNv4.

2️⃣PE2 receives the route with next-hop 2001:DB8:1::1 (PE1).

3️⃣PE2 installs the route with the SRv6 Prefix-SID FC00:2::1:79 (End.DT4).

4️⃣The route is imported into the VRF using the import-route command.

Analysis of Each Answer Choice

✅A. An IBGP peer relationship is established between PE2 and PE1, and PE2 learns the route to 192.168.1.0/24 over an IBGP peer relationship.

Correct:The routing table output confirms thatPE2 receives the route via iBGP from PE1.

✅B. The instruction type corresponding to FC00:2::1:79 is End.DT4.

Correct:

End.DT4 is an SRv6 function that represents a Layer 3 VPN endpoint (VRF routing).

PE2 uses End.DT4 to process VPN traffic for 192.168.1.0/24.

✅C. PE2 imports the route 192.168.1.0/24 through the import-route command.

Correct:

Theimport-route command allows BGP-learned routes to be added to the local routing table (VRF).

❌D. The router ID of the BGP process on the P router is 1.0.0.6. (Incorrect Statement)

Incorrect:

The P router is a transit router and does NOT run BGP for VPNv4 routes.

The router ID of PE2 is 1.0.0.11, and the route originator is 1.0.0.2 (likely PE1).

P routers in an SRv6 BE network do NOT need BGP router IDs.

Final Answer: D (The router ID of the BGP process on the P is 1.0.0.6.)

✅Reference:Huawei HCIE-Datacom Guide – SRv6 L3VPN Routing and End.DT4 Function

Real-World Application:

Service Provider Networks:UsesSRv6 to replace MPLS in large-scale VPN deployments.

5G Transport Networks:ImplementsSRv6 L3VPN for high-speed, low-latency services.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Ethernet VPN (EVPN)is an advancedL2VPNtechnology that enhances MAC learning and forwarding indata center and enterprise networks. Different EVPN route types are used for various functions:

Ethernet A-D (Auto-Discovery) Route:Used forauto-discovery of PE devicesand doescarry labels.

MAC/IP Advertisement Route:Distributes MAC-to-IP mappings andcarries labelsfor forwarding decisions.

Ethernet Segment Route:Does not carry MPLS labelsas it is used to signalmulti-homingand redundancy information.

Inclusive Multicast Route:Used formulticast forwardingandcarries labelsfor tunnel identification.

SinceEthernet Segment Routeis used only formulti-homing signalingand does not carry MPLS labels, the correct answer isC.

????Reference:Huawei HCIE Datacom Study Guide - EVPN Route Types

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

✔Paramikois a Python library that providesSSH and SFTPfunctionality.

✔The SFTPClient classis specifically designed forSFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)operations.

✔How It Works:

ATransport sessionis established using Transport().

AnSFTP sessionis created using SFTPClient.from_transport().

File operations(upload/download) are performed viaSFTP methods.

✔Why Not Other Options?

❌(A) Packetizer class→ Handleslow-level SSH message processing, not SFTP.

❌(C) Channel class→ CreatesSSH channels, not SFTP sessions.

❌(D) Transport class→ EstablishesSSH connections, butdoes not perform file operations.

????Reference:Huawei HCIE Datacom – Python Paramiko and SFTP Implementation

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

Thefree mobility functionin iMaster NCE-Campus allows users to maintain consistent security policies regardless of their physical location within the campus network. To correctly implement this function, the administrator must:

A. Define security groups:Group users and devices based on roles or functions.

B. Deliver the inter-group policy:Apply policies that define how different security groups interact.

C. Deploy a policy control matrix:Establish a matrix that specifies theaccess control policiesbetween security groups.

D. Select the policy enforcement point:Choose devices or interfaces where policies are enforced, such as switches or routers.

All four steps are crucial for achieving dynamic policy enforcement in a virtualized and mobility-oriented campus network.

Segment Routing over IPv6 (SRv6) defines several headend behaviors for how SRH (Segment Routing Headers) are added:

B. H.Insert — Inserts an SRH into an existing IPv6 packet.

C. H.Encaps — Encapsulates the original packet in a new IPv6 packet with an SRH.

D. H.Insert.Red — Performs insert behavior and reduces the payload for optimization.

A. H.Encaps.Red is not a defined SRv6 behavior — it’s an invalid option.

Exact Extract - Huawei SRv6 White Paper:

“H.Insert, H.Insert.Red, and H.Encaps are valid behaviors for injecting SRH. H.Encaps.Red is not defined in the SRv6 headend behavior set.”

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

BGP4+ (BGP for IPv6) uses theMP_REACH_NLRI(Multiprotocol Reachable Network Layer Reachability Information) attribute to advertise IPv6 routes. This attribute is part of BGP's multiprotocol extensions (RFC 2858), allowing BGP to support multiple address families, including IPv6.

MP_REACH_NLRI:Advertises reachable IPv6 prefixes along with next-hop information.

MP_UNREACH_NLRI:Used to withdraw previously advertised IPv6 routes.

Since IPv6 addresses are significantly different from IPv4 addresses in structure and length (128 bits), the traditional BGP update message format (which supports only IPv4) is insufficient. TheMP_REACH_NLRIattribute solves this by carrying IPv6-specific information.

Analyzing the Routing Table Output:

The command display ipv6 routing-table protocol isis showsall IPv6 routes learned via IS-IS.

The output shows"Summary Count: 6", meaning R1 hassix IS-IS IPv6 routes.

Explanation of Correct Answers:✅A. R1 has six IS-IS IPv6 routes.

The "Summary Count: 6" confirms thatsix IS-IS IPv6 routes existin R1's routing table.

✅C. IS-IS IPv6 must have been enabled on GigabitEthernet0/0/1 of R1.

Theinterface GigabitEthernet0/0/1is listed as thenext-hop, meaning IS-IS IPv6 must beenabled on that interface.

✅D. R1 is not a Level-1 device.

The protocol is listed as"ISIS-L2", indicating that R1 is anIS-IS Level-2 (backbone) router,not a Level-1 router.

Incorrect Answer Explanation:❌B. R1 does not have IS-IS IPv6 routes.

Wrong!The output clearlyshows six IS-IS IPv6 routes, proving this statement false.

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei IPv6 Routing Protocols Guide – IS-IS for IPv6

HCIE-Datacom Routing & Switching Training – IS-IS L1 & L2 Operations

Huawei IS-IS Configuration Guide – IPv6 Route Management

Correct Order of Steps:

1️⃣Network planning

2️⃣Site design

3️⃣Device management

4️⃣Fabric management

5️⃣VN (Virtual Network) management

6️⃣Service deployment

Understanding the iMaster NCE-Campus Deployment Process

????iMaster NCE-Campus is Huawei’s AI-driven network automation and management platform for campus networks.

????The deployment follows a structured sequence to ensure a fully operational network.

Detailed Explanation of Each Step:

✅1️⃣Network Planning(First Step)

Defines the overallnetwork architecture, topology, and business requirements.

DeterminesWAN, LAN, and WLAN coveragefor the campus.

EnsuresIP addressing, VLANs, and security policiesare planned.

✅2️⃣Site Design(Second Step)

Createssite layoutsand determinesdevice placement(switches, APs, routers).

Definespower, cabling, and uplink requirementsfor optimal connectivity.

✅3️⃣Device Management(Third Step)

Onboards network devices (e.g., switches, APs, firewalls) into iMaster NCE-Campus.

Configuresinitial settingssuch asIP addresses, interfaces, and SNMP settings.

Ensuresdevices are registered and reachablein the management platform.

✅4️⃣Fabric Management(Fourth Step)

EstablishesVXLAN-based network fabricforautomated Layer 2/3 connectivity.

ConfiguresEVPN/VXLAN overlays, VTEPs, and underlay routing.

✅5️⃣VN (Virtual Network) Management(Fifth Step)

Definesvirtual networks (VNs) for different departments, tenants, or services.

ConfiguresQoS, ACLs, and network segmentation policies.

✅6️⃣Service Deployment(Final Step)

Activatesnetwork services like DHCP, security policies, and application access.

Ensures thatend-user connectivity and application traffic policies are in place.

Why Is This the Correct Order?

✅Each step builds upon the previous one, ensuring a smooth and structured deployment process.

✅Service deployment comes last because it finalizes user access and application connectivity.

Real-World Application:

Enterprise Campus Networks:Deployssecure, scalable campus connectivity with AI-based automation.

University Campuses & Smart Cities:UsesSDN-driven network segmentation and automationto simplify operations.

✅Reference:Huawei HCIE-Datacom Guide – iMaster NCE-Campus Deployment & Automation