Free Huawei H12-821_V1.0 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 3

TheOriginattribute in thedisplay bgp routing-tableoutput is marked asi, indicating that the route was injected into the BGP routing table using thenetworkcommand. The other options are incorrect because the AS path is not displayed, the MED is0, and the route is marked as the best (>), meaning it is the optimal route ​.

When a stack splits, the MAC addresses of the newly formed stacks do not change immediately. Instead, they retain their original MAC addresses until new ones are reassigned during topology updates. This delayed update prevents immediate conflicts and allows MAD (Multiple Active Detection) to handle any resulting issues ​.

 Additional Port Roles in MSTP

Master Port: Indicates the port on the shortest path to the root bridge in a region.

Regional Edge Port: Identifies a port at the boundary of the MST region.

Backup and edge ports exist in RSTP and are not newly introduced by MSTP.

 HCIP-Datacom-Core Reference

MSTP port roles are elaborated in the MSTP configuration sections​​.

BGP routes have a variety ofpath attributesthat describe their characteristics and influence route selection. These attributes include well-known mandatory attributes like AS-PATH and NEXT-HOP, as well as optional attributes like MED and LOCAL_PREF.

In Huawei devices, there is aHuawei-specific attributecalled"preference", which is a local parameter used to influence BGP route selection on the device.

Key Characteristics of "preference":

It is valid only locally on the router.

It is not shared with BGP peers.

It helps the router determine the best route when multiple routes exist for the same prefix.

It appears in the BGP routing table output in lowercase aspreference.

Thus, the correct answer ispreference(entered in lowercase as required).

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) v3is a moresecureversion of SNMP, supportingauthentication and encryption.

If theNMS is not receiving SNMPv3 traps, possible causes include:

A. FALSE→ TheSNMP version mismatch does not affect traps; devices can send SNMPv2 traps even when using SNMPv3.

B. TRUE→ If theSNMPv3 password is incorrect, authentication will fail, and traps will not be processed by the NMS.

C. FALSE→ The size of packets sent by theNMSdoes not affectincoming SNMP trapsfrom the router.

D. TRUE→ Thecommunity namemust match on both theNMS and the router, or traps will be ignored.

????Reference:Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, SNMPv3 Configuration and Authentication.

When the router ID is configured in both the system view and the BGP view, the router ID in the BGP view takes precedence because BGP-specific configurations override global settings. This ensures that BGP operates with the most relevant configurations ​.

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

IPv4 Address Classes:

Class D:Reserved for multicast and defined by the first four bits as1110.

Address range:224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

Structure:

Class D does not include a network/host division, as it is designed for group communication rather than device identification.

VRRP defines the following states:Initialize– The router is starting up or has not joined a VRRP group.Backup– The router is in standby and monitors the Master.Master– Theonly statewhere the deviceforwards trafficfor thevirtual IP address.Only the router in theMasterstate owns the virtual MAC and responds to ARP for the virtual IP.Reference from Huawei HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Study Guide:“In VRRP, only the Master forwards packets destined for the virtual IP address. Backup routers take over only if the Master fails.”(Chapter: VRRP Concepts – Section: State Roles and Transitions)

Explanation of IS-IS Packet Types and Synchronization Process:

In the given scenario, R2 requests LSPs from R1 to synchronize its Link State Database (LSDB). The following IS-IS packet types are involved in this synchronization process:

1. P2P IIH (Point-to-Point IS-IS Hello):

Purpose:Establishes and maintains IS-IS neighbor relationships.

Step:This packet is exchanged initially to detect and maintain the adjacency between R1 and R2.

2. PSNP (Partial Sequence Number PDU):

Purpose:Requests missing or outdated LSPs (Link State PDUs) from a neighbor to synchronize the LSDB.

Step:In this case, R2 sends a PSNP to R1 to request the missing or outdated LSP.

3. LSP (Link State PDU):

Purpose:Contains routing information and is used to update the LSDB.

Step:R1 sends the requested LSPs to R2 for synchronization.

4. CSNP (Complete Sequence Number PDU):

Purpose:Lists all LSPs in the sender's LSDB to help neighbors verify and request missing LSPs.

Step:R1 sends a CSNP during retransmission timeout to notify R2 of its LSPs.