Free Fortinet NSE7_ZTA-7.2 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers

 User/host profiles are used to map sets of hosts and users to different types of policies or rules on FortiNAC. Among the options given, network access and endpoint compliance are the two types of configuration that can be associated with a user/host profile. Network access configuration determines the VLAN, CLI configuration or VPN group that is assigned to a host or user based on their profile. Endpoint compliance configuration defines the policies that checkthe host or user for compliance status, such as antivirus, firewall, patch level, etc. Service connectors and inventory are not types of configuration, but features of FortiNAC that allow integration with other services and devices, and collection of host and user data, respectively. References := User/host profiles | FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation and User/host profiles | FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation

According to the FortiNAC documentation1, disabled hosts are placed in the dead end VLAN, which is a special VLAN that isolates them from the production network. This is done to prevent unauthorized or compromised hosts from accessing network resources or spreading malware. The dead end VLAN must be configured in the AP model or the SSID configuration, and the state must be enforced23. Disabled hosts can be enabled again by the administrator or by reauthenticating through the FortiNAC portal. References := 1: Enable or disable hosts | FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation 2: Technical Tip: Disabled wireless hosts not isolated - FortiNAC 3: Technical Tip: Disabled wired hosts not isolated - FortiNAC

To create a separate web filtering profile for off-fabric and on-fabric clients and push it to managed FortiClient devices in FortiClient EMS, the feature can be enabled in:

• A. Endpoint Policy: This is where administrators can define and manage different policies for FortiClient endpoints. These policies can include settings for web filtering, which can be customized for on-fabric and off-fabric scenarios.

The other options do not directly relate to the creation and management of web filtering profiles:

• B. ZTNA Connection Rules: These rules are more focused on access control and do not deal directly with web filtering profiles.
• C. System Settings: This section typically includes overall system configurations rather than specific policy definitions.
• D. On-fabric Rule Sets: While important for on-fabric configurations, they don't directly deal with web filtering profiles.

References:

• FortiClient EMS Administration Guide.
• Managing Endpoint Policies in FortiClient EMS.

Based on the exhibit showing the status of the hr endpoint, the true statement about this endpoint is:

• D. The endpoint has been marked at risk: The "w" next to the host status for the 'hr' endpoint typically denotes a warning, indicating that the system has marked it as at risk due to some security policy violations or other concerns that need to be addressed.

The other options do not align with

the provided symbol "w" in the context of FortiNAC:

• A. The endpoint is a rogue device: If the endpoint were rogue, we might expect a different symbol, often indicating a critical status or alarm.
• B. The endpoint is disabled: A disabled status is typically indicated by a different icon or status indicator.
• C. The endpoint is unauthenticated: An unauthenticated status would also be represented by a different symbol or status indication, not a "w".

When FortiClient EMS is configured as an MDM connector on FortiNAC, it allows FortiNAC to obtain host information from FortiClient EMS and use it for network access control. FortiNAC polls FortiClient EMS periodically (every 5 minutes by default) to update already registered hosts in FortiNAC. This ensures that FortiNAC has the latest host data from FortiClient EMS, such as device type, OS, IP address, MAC address, hostname, and FortiClient version. FortiNAC can also use FortiClient EMS as an authentication source for devices that have FortiClient installed. FortiNAC does not send any data to FortiClient EMS or check for device vulnerabilities and compliance with FortiClient123. References := 1: MDM Service Connectors | FortiClient EMS Integration 2: FortiClient EMS Device Integration|FortiNAC 9.4.0 - Fortinet Documentation 3: Technical Tip: Integration with FortiClient EMS

 Certificate-based authentication is a method of verifying the identity of a device or user by using a digital certificate issued by a trusted authority. For ZTNA deployment, certificate-based authentication is used to ensure that only authorized devices and users can access the protected applications or resources.

B. The default action for empty certificates is block. This is true because ZTNA requires both device and user verification before granting access. If a device does not have a valid certificate issued by the ZTNA CA, it will be blocked by the ZTNA gateway. This prevents unauthorized or compromised devices from accessing the network.

D. Client certificate configuration is a mandatory component for ZTNA. This is true because ZTNA relies on client certificates to identify and authenticate devices. Client certificates are generated by the ZTNA CA and contain the device ID, ZTNA tags, and other information. Client certificates are distributed to devices by the ZTNA management server (such as EMS) and are used to establish a secure connection with the ZTNA gateway.

A. FortiGate signs the client certificate submitted by FortiClient. This is false because FortiGate does not sign the client certificates. The client certificates are signed by the ZTNA CA, which is a separate entity from FortiGate. FortiGate only verifies the client certificates and performs certificate actions based on the ZTNA tags.

C. Certificate actions can be configured only on the FortiGate CLI. This is false because certificate actions can be configured on both the FortiGate GUI and CLI. Certificate actions are the actions that FortiGate takes based on the ZTNA tags in the client certificates. For example, FortiGate can allow, block, or redirect traffic based on the ZTNA tags.

References :=

• 1: Technical Tip: ZTNA for Corporate hosts with SAML authentication and FortiAuthenticator as IDP
• 2: Zero Trust Network Access - Fortinet

NGFW stands for Next-Generation Firewall, which is a network security device that provides advanced features beyond the traditional firewall, such as application awareness, identity awareness, threat prevention, and integration with other security tools. ZTA stands for Zero Trust Architecture, which is a security model that requires strict verification of the identity and context of every request before granting access to network resources. ZTA assumes that no device or user can be trusted by default, even if they are connected to a corporate network or have been previously verified.

In a ZTA deployment, NGFW can perform two functions:

• Acts as segmentation gateway: NGFW can act as a segmentation gateway, which is a device that separates different segments of the network based on security policies and rules. Segmentation can help isolate and protect sensitive data and applications from unauthorized or malicious access, as well as reduce the attack surface and contain the impact of a breach. NGFW can enforce granular segmentation policies based on the identity and context of the devices and users, as well as the applications and services they are accessing. NGFW can also integrate with other segmentation tools, such as software-defined networking (SDN) and microsegmentation, to provide a consistent and dynamic segmentation across the network.
• Device discovery and profiling: NGFW can also perform device discovery and profiling, which are processes that identify and classify the devices that are connected to the network, as well as their attributes and behaviors. Device discovery and profiling can help NGFW to apply the appropriate security policies and rules based on the device type, role, location, health, and activity. Device discovery and profiling can also help NGFW to detect and respond to anomalous or malicious devices that may pose a threat to the network.

References: =

Some possible references for the answer and explanation are:

What is a Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW)? | Fortinet : What is Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA)? | Fortinet : Zero Trust Architecture Explained: A Step-by-Step Approach : The Most Common NGFW Deployment Scenarios : Sample Configuration for Post vWAN Deployment

In a ZTNA (Zero Trust Network Access) deployment, FortiClient EMS:

• A. Uses endpoint information to grant or deny access to the network: FortiClient EMS plays a critical role in ZTNA by using information about the endpoint, such as its security posture and compliance status, to determine whether to grant or deny network access.

The other options do not accurately represent the role of FortiClient EMS in ZTNA:

• B. Provides network and user identity authentication services: While it contributes to the overall ZTNA strategy, FortiClient EMS itself does not directly provide authentication services.
• C. Generates and installs client certificates on managed endpoints: Certificate management is typically handled by other components in the ZTNA framework.
• D. Acts as ZTNA access proxy for managed endpoints: FortiClient EMS does not function as an access proxy; its role is more aligned with endpoint management and policy enforcement.

References:

• FortiClient EMS in Zero Trust Network Access Deployment.
• Role of FortiClient EMS in ZTNA.

In the scenario where FortiNAC has alarm mappings configured for MDM (Mobile Device Management) compliance failure and FortiClient EMS (Endpoint Management System) is integrated as an MDM connector, the typical response when an endpoint is quarantined by FortiClient EMS is to isolate the host in the registration VLAN. This action is consistent with FortiNAC's approach to network access control, focusing on ensuring network security and compliance. By moving the non-compliant or quarantined host to a registration VLAN, FortiNAC effectively segregates it from the rest of the network, mitigating potential risks while allowing for further investigation or remediation steps.References:FortiNAC documentation, MDM Compliance and Response Actions.