Free Databricks Databricks-Generative-AI-Engineer-Associate Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 2

The task requires an LLM pipeline for multi-stage reasoning with external tools, necessitating planning, adaptability, and complex reasoning. Let’s evaluate the options based on Databricks’ recommendations for advanced LLM workflows.

Option A: Train the LLM to generate a single, comprehensive response without interacting with any external tools, relying solely on its pre-trained knowledge

This approach limits the LLM to its static knowledge base, excluding external tools and multi-stage reasoning. It can’t adapt or plan actions dynamically, failing the requirements.

Databricks Reference:"External tools enhance LLM capabilities beyond pre-trained knowledge"("Building LLM Applications with Databricks," 2023).

Option B: Implement a framework like ReAct which allows the LLM to generate reasoning traces and perform task-specific actions that leverage external tools if necessary

ReAct (Reasoning + Acting) combines reasoning traces (step-by-step logic) with actions (e.g., tool calls), enabling the LLM to plan, adapt, and execute complex tasks iteratively. This meets all requirements: multi-stage reasoning, tool use, and adaptability.

Databricks Reference:"Frameworks like ReAct enable LLMs to interleave reasoning and external tool interactions for complex problem-solving"("Generative AI Cookbook," 2023).

Option C: Encourage the LLM to make multiple API calls in sequence without planning or structuring the calls, allowing the LLM to decide when and how to use external tools spontaneously

Unstructured, spontaneous API calls lack planning and may lead to inefficient or incorrect tool usage. This doesn’t ensure effective multi-stage reasoning or adaptability.

Databricks Reference: Structured frameworks are preferred:"Ad-hoc tool calls can reduce reliability in complex tasks"("Building LLM-Powered Applications").

Option D: Use a Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting technique to guide the LLM through a series of reasoning steps, then manually input the results from external tools for the final answer

CoT improves reasoning but relies on manual tool interaction, breaking automation and adaptability. It’s not a scalable pipeline solution.

Databricks Reference:"Manual intervention is impractical for production LLM pipelines"("Databricks Generative AI Engineer Guide").

Conclusion: Option B (ReAct) is the best approach, as it integrates reasoning and tool use in a structured, adaptive framework, aligning with Databricks’ guidance for complex LLM workflows.

The LLM classifies mushroom species accurately but includes unwanted reasoning text, and the engineer wants only the label. Let’s assess how to control output format effectively.

Option A: Use few shot prompting to instruct the model on expected output format

Few-shot prompting provides examples (e.g., input: description, output: label). It can work but requires crafting multiple examples, which is effort-intensive and less direct than a clear instruction.

Databricks Reference:"Few-shot prompting guides LLMs via examples, effective for format control but requires careful design"("Generative AI Cookbook").

Option B: Use zero shot prompting to instruct the model on expected output format

Zero-shot prompting relies on a single instruction (e.g., “Return only the label”) without examples. It’s simpler than few-shot but may not consistently enforce succinctness if the LLM’s default behavior is verbose.

Databricks Reference:"Zero-shot prompting can specify output but may lack precision without examples"("Building LLM Applications with Databricks").

Option C: Use zero shot chain-of-thought prompting to prevent a verbose output format

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) encourages step-by-step reasoning, which increases verbosity—opposite to the desired outcome. This contradicts the goal of label-only output.

Databricks Reference:"CoT prompting enhances reasoning but often results in detailed responses"("Databricks Generative AI Engineer Guide").

Option D: Use a system prompt to instruct the model to be succinct in its answer

A system prompt (e.g., “Respond with only the species label, no additional text”) sets a global instruction for the LLM’s behavior. It’s direct, reusable, and effective for controlling output style across queries.

Databricks Reference:"System prompts define LLM behavior consistently, ideal for enforcing concise outputs"("Generative AI Cookbook," 2023).

Conclusion: Option D is the most effective and straightforward action, using a system prompt to enforce succinct, label-only responses, aligning with Databricks’ best practices for output control.

Problem Context: The chatbot must handle various types of queries and intelligently route them to the appropriate responses or systems.

Explanation of Options:

Option A: Limiting the chatbot to only previous event information restricts its utility and does not meet the broader business requirements.

Option B: Having two separate chatbots could unnecessarily complicate user interaction and increase maintenance overhead.

Option C: Implementing a multi-step workflow where the chatbot first identifies the type of question and then routes it accordingly is the most efficient and scalable solution. This approach allows the chatbot to handle a variety of queries dynamically, improving user experience and operational efficiency.

Option D: Focusing solely on payments would not satisfy all the specified user interaction needs, such as inquiring about event details.

Option Coffers a comprehensive workflow that maximizes the chatbot’s utility and responsiveness to different user needs, aligning perfectly with the business requirements.

In the context of developing a chatbot for a company's internal HelpDesk Call Center, the key is to select data sources that provide the most contextual and detailed information about the issues being addressed. This includes identifying the root cause and suggesting resolutions. The two most appropriate sources from the list are:

Call Detail (Option D):

Contents: This Delta table includes a snapshot of all call details updated hourly, featuring essential fields like root_cause and resolution.

Relevance: The inclusion of root_cause and resolution fields makes this source particularly valuable, as it directly contains the information necessary to understand and resolve the issues discussed in the calls. Even if some records are incomplete, the data provided is crucial for a chatbot aimed at speeding up resolution identification.

Transcript Volume (Option E):

Contents: This Unity Catalog Volume contains recordings in .wav format and text transcripts in .txt files.

Relevance: The text transcripts of call recordings can provide in-depth context that the chatbot can analyze to understand the nuances of each issue. The chatbot can use natural language processing techniques to extract themes, identify problems, and suggest resolutions based on previous similar interactions documented in the transcripts.

Why Other Options Are Less Suitable:

A (Call Cust History): While it provides insights into customer interactions with the HelpDesk, it focuses more on the usage metrics rather than the content of the calls or the issues discussed.

B (Maintenance Schedule): This data is useful for understanding when services may not be available but does not contribute directly to resolving user issues or identifying root causes.

C (Call Rep History): Though it offers data on call durations and start times, which could help in assessing performance, it lacks direct information on the issues being resolved.

Therefore, Call Detail and Transcript Volume are the most relevant data sources for a chatbot designed to assist with identifying and resolving issues in a HelpDesk Call Center setting, as they provide direct and contextual information related to customer issues.

For complex agentic systems (like those built with LangGraph or Autogen), standard logging is often insufficient because the "state" of the agent changes dynamically.MLflow Tracingis the designated Generative AI engineering standard for debugging these systems. Tracing provides a visual, hierarchical timeline of every call made during an agent's execution—including internal LLM reasoning, tool calls, and data transformations. When a step fails, the trace allows the engineer to click into that specific node to see the exact input sent to the LLM and the raw output received. This is much faster and more comprehensive than manually deconstructing the agent (D) or adding manual logs (C). While mlflow.evaluate (B) is useful for measuring performance across a whole dataset, it is not a tool for real-time debugging of a single execution failure.

Problem Context: The Generative AI Engineer needs a tool to build amulti-step LLM-based workflow. This type of workflow often involves chaining multiple steps together, such as query generation, retrieval of information, response generation, and post-processing, with LLMs integrated at several points.

Explanation of Options:

Option A: Pandas: Pandas is a powerful data manipulation library for structured data analysis, but it is not designed for managing or orchestrating multi-step workflows, especially those involving LLMs.

Option B: TensorFlow: TensorFlow is primarily used for training and deploying machine learning models, especially deep learning models. It is not designed for orchestrating multi-step tasks in LLM-based workflows.

Option C: PySpark: PySpark is a distributed computing framework used for large-scale data processing. While useful for handling big data, it is not specialized for chaining LLM-based operations.

Option D: LangChain: LangChain is a purpose-built framework designed specifically fororchestrating multi-step workflowswith large language models (LLMs). It enables developers to easily chain different tasks, such as retrieving documents, summarizing information, and generating responses, all in a structured flow. This makes it the best tool for building complex LLM-based workflows.

Thus,LangChainis the most suitable library for creating multi-step LLM-based workflows.

 Context: The goal is to improve the online customer experience in a restaurant by handling common inquiries about bookings, minimizing escalations, and maintaining personalized interactions.

 Explanation of Options:

Option A: Grouping and summarizing chat logs by user could provide insights into customer interactions but does not directly address the task of handling booking inquiries or minimizing escalations.

Option B: Using chat logs to generate interactive buttons for booking details directly supports the goal of facilitating online bookings, minimizing the need for human intervention by providing clear, interactive options for customers to self-serve.

Option C: Classifying sentiment of customer reviews does not directly help with booking inquiries, although it might provide valuable feedback insights.

Option D: Providing cancellation options is helpful but narrowly focuses on one aspect of the booking process and doesn't support the broader goal of handling common inquiries about bookings.

Option Bbest supports the goal of improving online interactions by using chat logs to generate actionable items for customers, helping them complete booking tasks efficiently and reducing the need for human intervention.

According to Generative AI engineering standards for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), chunking strategy is a critical optimization variable. Setting the chunk size to match the model's maximum context window (e.g., 4k or 8k tokens) is a poor practice and should be discarded. Large chunks introduce significant "noise" into the LLM's context, as only a small portion of a massive chunk usually contains the answer to a specific query. This leads to the "lost in the middle" phenomenon where LLMs struggle to extract relevant information from bloated contexts. Furthermore, large chunks reduce the precision of the vector search. Standard best practices involve using smaller, semantically meaningful chunks (typically 256–512 tokens) with overlap to maintain context. In contrast, metadata filtering (B) is essential for narrowing searches to specific car years, fine-tuning embeddings (C) improves retrieval accuracy for domain-specific technical terms, and few-shot examples (D) guide the LLM's output format and tone.

The Generative AI Engineer needs to follow a methodical pipeline to build and deploy a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) application. The steps outlined in optionBaccurately reflect this process:

Ingest documents from a source: This is the first step, where the engineer collects documents (e.g., technical regulations) that will be used for retrieval when the application answers user questions.

Index the documents and save to Vector Search: Once the documents are ingested, they need to be embedded using a technique like embeddings (e.g., with a pre-trained model like BERT) and stored in a vector database (such as Pinecone or FAISS). This enables fast retrieval based on user queries.

User submits queries against an LLM: Users interact with the application by submitting their queries. These queries will be passed to the LLM.

LLM retrieves relevant documents: The LLM works with the vector store to retrieve the most relevant documents based on their vector representations.

LLM generates a response: Using the retrieved documents, the LLM generates a response that is tailored to the user's question.

Evaluate model: After generating responses, the system must be evaluated to ensure the retrieved documents are relevant and the generated response is accurate. Metrics such as accuracy, relevance, and user satisfaction can be used for evaluation.

Deploy it using Model Serving: Once the RAG pipeline is ready and evaluated, it is deployed using a model-serving platform such as Databricks Model Serving. This enables real-time inference and response generation for users.

By following these steps, the Generative AI Engineer ensures that the RAG application is both efficient and effective for the task of answering technical regulation questions.

To optimize a chunking strategy for a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) application, the Generative AI Engineer needs a structured approach to evaluating the chunking strategy, ensuring that the chosen configuration retrieves the most relevant information and leads to accurate and coherent LLM responses. Here's whyCandEare the correct strategies:

Strategy C: Evaluation Metrics (Recall, NDCG)

Define an evaluation metric: Common evaluation metrics such as recall, precision, or NDCG (Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain) measure how well the retrieved chunks match the user's query and the expected response.

Recallmeasures the proportion of relevant information retrieved.

NDCGis often used when you want to account for both the relevance of retrieved chunks and the ranking or order in which they are retrieved.

Experiment with chunking strategies: Adjusting chunking strategies based on text structure (e.g., splitting by paragraph, chapter, or a fixed number of tokens) allows the engineer to experiment with various ways of slicing the text. Some chunks may better align with the user's query than others.

Evaluate performance: By using recall or NDCG, the engineer can methodically test various chunking strategies to identify which one yields the highest performance. This ensures that the chunking method provides the most relevant information when embedding and retrieving data from the vector store.

Strategy E: LLM-as-a-Judge Metric

Use the LLM as an evaluator: After retrieving chunks, the LLM can be used to evaluate the quality of answers based on the chunks provided. This could be framed as a "judge" function, where the LLM compares how well a given chunk answers previous user queries.

Optimize based on the LLM's judgment: By having the LLM assess previous answers and rate their relevance and accuracy, the engineer can collect feedback on how well different chunking configurations perform in real-world scenarios.

This metric could be a qualitative judgment on how closely the retrieved information matches the user's intent.

Tune chunking parameters: Based on the LLM's judgment, the engineer can adjust the chunk size or structure to better align with the LLM's responses, optimizing retrieval for future queries.

By combining these two approaches, the engineer ensures that the chunking strategy is systematically evaluated using both quantitative (recall/NDCG) and qualitative (LLM judgment) methods. This balanced optimization process results in improved retrieval relevance and, consequently, better response generation by the LLM.