Free Cisco 200-901 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 4

The provided Python script interacts with an ACI (Application Centric Infrastructure) environment. It logs into the ACI fabric and collects information about groups. Specifically, the getstuff function uses an API call to retrieve data from the ACI and processes it to extract group information.

The subnet mask is used to determine the network and host portions of an IP address. It helps in defining the size of the subnet and the range of IP addresses within that subnet.

Subnet Portion: The subnet mask identifies which part of the IP address refers to the network (subnet) portion.

Host Portion: The remaining part of the IP address after applying the subnet mask identifies the specific host within the subnet.

Options A and D are correct as they capture the details about the subnet and host portions of an IP address.

RFC 1918 defines private IP address ranges for use within private networks. The address space 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 is designated as private and falls under class B.

Class B Address Space: The range 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 is a private IP address range designated for class B networks.

Subnet Mask: A subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 (/16) is commonly used within this range to create subnets.

References:

RFC 1918 Address Allocation: RFC 1918

The Waterfall model is a linear and sequential approach to software development. In Waterfall, all requirements are specified at the beginning of the project, and each phase (e.g., design, implementation, testing) must be completed before moving on to the next. This makes it less adaptable to changes once the project is underway.

Agile, on the other hand, is an iterative approach that allows for flexible responses to changes in requirements. Agile development is organized into small, incremental cycles called sprints, which typically last 1-4 weeks. During each sprint, a small portion of the project is developed, and changes can be incorporated based on feedback and evolving requirements.

NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol) is a standard used for network device configuration, and it utilizes YANG (Yet Another Next Generation) as a data modeling language. Cisco IOS XE and Cisco NX-OS support NETCONF and YANG to automate the configuration and management of network devices across a network. YANG defines the data models, while NETCONF provides the protocol to manipulate these models.

References:

Cisco DevNet Documentation - NETCONF and YANG

IETF RFC 6241 - NETCONF Protocol

IETF RFC 6020 - YANG Data Modeling Language

When writing applications, using classes over functions offers several benefits, including improved readability and better code organization. Here are the detailed explanations for these two benefits:

Improved Readability (A):

Classes allow for encapsulation, which means grouping related data and functions (methods) together. This makes the code more readable and easier to understand because the related functionality is bundled in a single, self-contained unit.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) principles such as inheritance and polymorphism further enhance readability by reducing code duplication and promoting code reuse.

Code Organization (E):

Classes provide a clear structure for organizing code. They help in logically grouping related functionalities, which enhances the modularity of the application. This organization makes it easier to manage and maintain the codebase, especially as the application grows in complexity.

By using classes, developers can create blueprints for objects, making it easier to implement and manage complex systems with multiple interconnected components.

Classes are fundamental to Object-Oriented Programming, which is a paradigm that many modern programming languages, including Python and Java, are built around. While functions are essential for specific tasks and operations, classes provide a higher level of abstraction and organization.

References:

Cisco DevNet Associate Certification Guide

Python Documentation - Classes

Java Documentation - Classes and Objects

The main security issue in this scenario is the transmission of credentials in cleartext over HTTPS. Even though HTTPS provides a secure transport layer, the credentials should still be protected, such as by using secrets or encryption. Additionally, setting logging to debug and potentially exposing these credentials in logs is also a security concern.

Cleartext Credentials: Sending credentials in cleartext within the webhook payload can expose them if HTTPS is not configured correctly or if intercepted by an attacker.

Debug Logging: Enabling debug logging can expose sensitive information, including credentials, in logs.

Option B highlights the risk of transmitting credentials unencrypted over HTTPS, which can lead to credential leakage.

HTTP status codes are divided into five classes:

1xx (Informational): Request received, continuing process

2xx (Success): The action was successfully received, understood, and accepted

3xx (Redirection): Further action must be taken to complete the request

4xx (Client Error): The request contains bad syntax or cannot be fulfilled

5xx (Server Error): The server failed to fulfill an apparently valid request

Thus, the series that relate to errors are:

400 series (Client Error)

500 series (Server Error)

References:

RFC 7231, Section 6: HTTP/1.1 Semantics and Content

Implementing common data structures when working with APIs in remote systems has multiple benefits:

Enforces standardized data structures: This ensures consistency and interoperability across different systems and APIs, making it easier to integrate and communicate between various components.

Leverages code that is easily managed and reused: Standardized data structures lead to more maintainable and reusable code. Developers can build upon existing frameworks and libraries without having to rewrite data handling logic for each new API.

References: Cisco DevNet Data Structures

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