Free ISTQB CTAL-TM Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 4

The ISTQB syllabus encourages the development of social and interpersonal competencies including communication and teamwork, especially in Agile environments. A tester in an Agile team must collaborate effectively. Therefore, supporting a technically competent tester with targeted communication training and mentorship is the optimal development approach.

A typical defect workflow should begin with a newly reported issue ("New"), proceed to investigation, allow for deferral if necessary, move to fixing ("In Progress"), re-testing, and finally confirmation of resolution and closure. According to the ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, valid states of a defect report include:New, Under Investigation, Deferred, In Progress, Re-Test, Resolved, Closed.

The cost of the training and the reviews can be justified by showing the return on investment (ROI) that they generate. ROI is a measure of the profitability of an investment, calculated by dividing the net benefit by the cost1. The net benefit of the training and the reviews is the difference between the cost of the reviews and the cost of dealing with defect escapes. Defect escapes are defects that are not detected during the review process and are found later in the development or testing phases, or even inproduction. The cost of dealing with defect escapes includes the cost of rework, testing, debugging, deployment, customer support, and potential loss of reputation or revenue2. The cost of the reviews includes the cost of the training, the time spent by the reviewers and moderators, the tools and resources used, and the overheads3. By calculating the ROI, you can demonstrate how much money the training and the reviews have saved or earned for the company, compared to the alternative of not conducting them. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because comparing the production defects from the previous project to the production defects from this project does not account for the cost of the reviews or the cost of dealing with defect escapes in other phases. Option B is incorrect because showing the defects that were found in the review sessions and the cost of quality regarding the perfect phase containment for those caught defects does not account for the cost of the training or the cost of dealing with defect escapes in production. Option C is incorrect because explaining that the reviews are a way of expanding the knowledge of your people and motivating them to work harder and faster is not a quantifiable or verifiable way of justifying the cost of the training and the reviews. References: 1: ISTQB Glossary, Return on Investment 2: ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 2.3.2 3: How to manage formal reviews & management audits? Skills, metrics …

B (Quality characteristic): Tells whether the defect affected security, usability, performance, etc.—directly tied to non-functional quality.

E (User story): Enables tracking of defect-prone functionality and assessment of deliverable quality per increment.

“The information in defect reports supports test process improvement and quality trend analysis. Tracking defects by quality attribute and story link is a valuable input to Agile retrospectives.”

—ISTQB CTFL Syllabus 2018, Section 3.2.4 and 5.6

These insights are essential for Agile teams focused on continuous improvement and product quality.

The correct answer is A. Can be used to identify test coverage gaps. This is because test conditions are the items or events of a component or system that will be verified by one or more test cases. Specifying test conditions at a detailed level can help to identify test coverage gaps, which are the areas or aspects of the component or system that are not covered by the test conditions or test cases. By identifying test coverage gaps, the test team can ensure that the testing is complete and consistent with the test objectives and scope. Test Conditions - ISTQB not-for-profit association References: Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Manager (CTAL-TM) - ISTQB not-for-profit association, ISTQB Test Manager Certification - ISTQB Exams Worldwide - ISTQB Official Registration, Test Conditions - ISTQB not-for-profit association

The technique that will assist you in determining targeted improvement areas to reduce the number of defects is Pareto analysis. This is because Pareto analysis is a method of identifying and prioritizing the most significant causes of defects, based on the principle that 80% of the problems are caused by 20% of the causes. By applying Pareto analysis, you can focus on the improvement areas that will have the most impact on reducing the number of defects. Pareto Analysis - ISTQB not-for-profit association References: Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Manager (CTAL-TM) - ISTQB not-for-profit association, ISTQB Test Manager Certification - ISTQB Exams Worldwide - ISTQB Official Registration, Pareto Analysis - ISTQB not-for-profit association

According to the ISTQB glossary:

The IDEAL model comprises five phases:Initiating, Diagnosing, Establishing, Acting, and Learning.

“Acting” includes piloting and implementing improvements (e.g. trialing highest-priority improvements).

“Learning” includes evaluating the success and capturing lessons learned (e.g. checking if benefits were achieved).Therefore, C (trial highest-priority improvements) belongs to the Acting phase, and E (benefits check) aligns with Learning.