Free CWNP CWISA-103 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 2

KPI alignment: Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) define success metrics for the wireless IoT solution (e.g., uptime, device responsiveness, data accuracy). Continuous monitoring tracks performance against these KPIs.

Meeting Business Needs: Monitoring ensures the solution delivers the intended value. Are response times fast enough? Are business processes supported effectively?

Proactive maintenance: Monitoring can reveal performance issues before they become critical failures, allowing for proactive fixes.

Optimization: Monitoring data over time helps identify areas for fine-tuning the solution to further align with business requirements.

References

Wireless IoT monitoring tools: Vendor documentation or articles on specific tools and the KPIs they can track.

ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library): Frameworks emphasizing monitoring and continuous improvement.

isualizing RF Interference: Spectrum analyzers display radio frequencies across a range, showing signal strength and potential interference sources. This is crucial for identifying non-Wi-Fi devices that might be disrupting your wireless solution.

Other Tools Have Limitations:

NMAP: Network mapper, focused on discovering devices, not RF analysis

WinPCAP: Packet capture software, helpful but doesn't directly display the RF spectrum.

Protocol Analyzer: Analyzes network traffic, but won't pinpoint physical layer interference.

PHP's Cross-Platform Nature: PHP originated for server-side web development, but also has a command-line interface (CLI) enabling its use for scripts and automation tasks.

Other Options:

Some languages are OS-specific (but less frequent with modern scripting languages) .

Many languages work in web or command line, not both like PHP.

Mesh Connectivity Depends on Signal: Mesh nodes relay data for each other. Weak signal strength between nodes can disrupt connectivity throughout the network.

Troubleshooting Signal Issues: Physically relocating affected nodes can improve their ability to form stable connections with other nodes in the mesh.

Why Other Options May Not Help:

Separate Mesh: Splits the network, not solving the root connectivity issue

Output Power: May help marginally, but significant improvement is typically achieved through repositioning.

Security Settings: Unlikely to cause connectivity issues between properly configured nodes in the same mesh.

SINR vs. SNR:

SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio): Measures the power of the desired signal relative to background noise.

SINR (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio): Considers both background noise and interference from other signals operating on the same frequency.

Practical Importance: SINR is a more realistic indicator of real-world signal quality in wireless environments where interference is a significant factor.

References

SINR: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-interference-plus-noise_ratio

SNR: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratio

ZigBee Channel Spacing: ZigBee channels in the 2.4 GHz band are spaced 5 MHz apart. This helps manage interference in the crowded 2.4 GHz spectrum.

Security by Design: Security should be a fundamental consideration from the initial planning stages of any wireless implementation. This ensures:

Risk Assessment: Identifying potential vulnerabilities early on.

Security Controls: Choosing appropriate encryption, authentication, and access control mechanisms.

Integration: Security measures are seamlessly woven into the system's architecture, not retrofitted later, which can be less effective.

QAM Constellations: QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) uses a constellation diagram where points represent unique combinations of amplitude and phase.

Bits per Symbol: The number in QAM-XX indicates the number of points:

QAM-16: 16 points = 2^4 = 4 bits per symbol

QAM-64: 64 points = 2^6 = 6 bits per symbol

Higher Data Rates: More points in the constellation enable transmitting more bits per symbol, leading to higher data rates at the same bandwidth.

References

QAM: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrature_amplitude_modulation

Wi-Fi and Zigbee Interference: Both can operate in the 2.4 GHz band, leading to potential interference that degrades performance for both networks.

5 GHz Advantages:

Less crowded: Fewer devices operate in the 5 GHz band, reducing interference potential.

Wider Channels: 5 GHz supports wider channels, enabling higher data throughput for Wi-Fi.

PoE Splitter: A PoE splitter separates power and data from a PoE-enabled Ethernet cable, allowing the powering of non-PoE devices.

Other PoE Devices:

PoE Injector: Adds power to non-PoE Ethernet cable.

PoE Switch: Provides power directly through its ports.