Free Huawei H12-711_V4.0 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers

In Huawei firewall hot standby and reliability deployment, the VGMP group can operate in several different states that reflect the working role of a device in the backup system. These states are used to identify whether a device is currently forwarding service traffic, waiting as a backup device, balancing traffic, or still in the startup phase.

Initialize refers to the initialization state, in which the VGMP group has not yet fully completed role negotiation or status establishment. Active indicates that the firewall is currently the primary device responsible for forwarding traffic and providing services. Standby means the firewall serves as the backup device, ready to take over if the active device fails. Load-balance is used in scenarios where traffic is distributed between devices according to the load-balancing mechanism rather than relying on only one active forwarding device.

These VGMP status values help administrators understand device roles and cluster behavior during deployment, failover, and service switching. Since all four listed items are recognized VGMP group states in Huawei firewall high availability scenarios, A, B, C, and D are all correct .

The packet capture in the figure shows three TCP packets exchanged between 192.168.1.2 and 192.168.1.1 . The first packet from 192.168.1.2 → 192.168.1.1 contains the [SYN] flag. In TCP communication, the SYN flag indicates that a host is requesting to establish a TCP connection . This is the first step of the TCP three-way handshake process.

The second packet from 192.168.1.1 → 192.168.1.2 contains [SYN, ACK] , meaning the destination host acknowledges the request and agrees to establish the connection while sending its own synchronization request. The third packet from 192.168.1.2 → 192.168.1.1 contains [ACK] , confirming the response and completing the connection establishment process.

This sequence ( SYN → SYN/ACK → ACK ) clearly indicates the TCP connection establishment procedure , not termination. TCP connection termination normally involves FIN and ACK flags rather than SYN.

Although the capture shows ports such as nfs > http , the packets shown only represent the TCP handshake and do not confirm application-layer login activities such as Telnet or HTTP authentication. Therefore, the correct statement is that the terminal is sending a TCP connection establishment request to 192.168.1.1 .

Explanation From HCIA-Security documents:

The statement is incorrect for two reasons. First, in asymmetric cryptography, encryption and decryption are not restricted to only “public encrypt, private decrypt.” That is one common confidentiality use case (for example, encrypting a session key so only the holder of the matching private key can recover it). However, asymmetric key pairs are also used the other way around for digital signatures : the sender uses the private key to generate a signature (often described conceptually as “private-key operation”), and others use the public key to verify it. So it’s not true that “only public keys can be used to encrypt data” in all cases or contexts.

Second, calling the process “irreversible” is misleading. Asymmetric encryption is designed to be reversible for authorized parties : ciphertext can be decrypted with the corresponding key (private key for public-key encryption). What is “one-way” is the practical difficulty of recovering the plaintext without the correct key. Therefore, the correct choice is FALSE .

This statement is TRUE . When an administrator logs in to a device through the web UI over HTTPS , the device acts as the HTTPS server and presents a local certificate to the web browser during the TLS handshake. If this certificate is issued by a CA trusted by the browser , the browser can verify the certificate chain, confirm the identity of the device, and establish an encrypted session without certificate warning messages.

This process improves security in two important ways. First, it provides server identity authentication , which helps the administrator confirm that the browser is connected to the legitimate device rather than an impersonated or spoofed host. Second, once the certificate is trusted and the TLS session is established, the communication is encrypted and protected for integrity , which reduces the risk of eavesdropping, tampering, and man-in-the-middle attacks during administrator login.

If a trusted CA certificate is not used, administrators may see browser warnings and may not be able to reliably confirm the server identity. Therefore, configuring a CA-issued certificate for HTTPS management helps prevent malicious attacks and ensures more secure administrator access.

Explanation From HCIA-Security documents:

3-tuple NAT is used to publish internal services to external users by translating destination IP address, destination port, and protocol so that an Internet user can reach an intranet server using a public address and specific service port. So the first part of the statement about enabling proactive external access through translated addresses and ports matches what 3-tuple NAT is used for.

However, NAT translation and firewall access control are two different functions. NAT only defines how addresses and ports are translated; it does not replace the firewall’s security policy decision. On a Huawei firewall, whether a packet is allowed to pass is determined by the configured security policy (interzone policy). If no relevant security policy exists to permit the traffic from the external zone to the internal zone and the mapped service, the firewall will not automatically allow it just because a NAT mapping is present.

Therefore, without an appropriate permit security policy, the access packets will be denied even if 3-tuple NAT is configured.

The correct operation is D because email attachments are a common carrier for malware, phishing payloads, ransomware, Trojans, and malicious scripts. In enterprise security practice, a user should not trust an attachment only because the message looks work-related or appears to come from a company mailbox . Attackers can spoof sender information, disguise malicious content, or compromise legitimate accounts. Therefore, simply checking the content or sender is not enough to ensure safety.

A safer process is to verify the sender and the email details carefully , such as the address, subject, wording, unexpected urgency, and whether the attachment type matches the business context. After that, the attachment should be scanned with antivirus or endpoint security software before opening or saving it. This helps detect known malicious files and reduces the chance of infecting the host or internal network.

Option A is unsafe because work relevance alone does not prove the file is harmless. B is clearly wrong because attachments can directly affect information security. C is also unsafe because internal-looking mail can still be malicious. Therefore, D is the correct answer.