Free Fortinet NSE7_EFW-7.2 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 2

The BGP state is “Idle”, indicating that BGP is attempting to establish a TCP connection with the peer. This is the first state in the BGP finite state machine, and it means that no TCP connection has been established yet. If the TCP connection fails, the BGP state will reset to either active or idle, depending on the configuration. References: You can find more information about BGP states and troubleshooting in the following Fortinet Enterprise Firewall 7.2 documents:

• Troubleshooting BGP
• How BGP works

Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) is a rapid protocol for detecting failures in the forwarding path between two adjacent routers, including interfaces, data links, and forwarding planes. BFD is designed to detect forwarding path failures in a very short amount of time, often less than one second, which is significantly faster than traditional failure detection mechanisms like hold-down timers in routing protocols.

Fortinet supports BFD for BGP, and it can be used over multiple hops, which allows the detection of failures even if the BGP peers are not directly connected. This functionality enhances the ability to maintain stable BGP sessions over a wider network topology and is documented in Fortinet's guides.

In an active-active load balancing scenario, when the primary FortiGate forwards the SYN packet to the secondary FortiGate, the destination MAC address would be the secondary's physical MAC on port1, as the packet is being sent over the network and the physical MAC is used for layer 2 transmissions.

C. The hub adds routes based on IKE negotiations: This is part of the ADVPN functionality where the hub learns about the networks behind the spokes and can add routes dynamically based on the IKE negotiations with the spokes.

D. You must configure phase 2 quick mode selectors to 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0: This wildcard setting in the phase 2 selectors allows any-to-any tunnel establishment, which is necessary for the dynamic creation of spoke-to-spoke tunnels.

These configurations are outlined in Fortinet's documentation for setting up ADVPN, where the hub's role in route control and the use of wildcard selectors for phase 2 are emphasized to enable dynamic tunneling between spokes.

The output of the BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) summary shows details about the BGP neighbors of a router, their Autonomous System (AS) numbers, the state of the BGP session, and other metrics like messages received and sent.

From the BGP summary provided:

A.External BGP (EBGP) exchanges routing information.This conclusion can be inferred because the AS numbers for the neighbors are different from the local AS number (65117), which suggests that these are external connections.

B.The BGP session with peer 10.127.0.75 is established.This is indicated by the state/prefix received column showing a numeric value (1), which typically means that the session is established and a number of prefixes has been received.

C.The router 100.64.3.1 has the parameter bfd set to enable.This cannot be concluded directly from the summary without additional context or commands specifically showing BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) configuration.

D.The neighbors displayed are linked to a local router with the neighbor-range set to a value of 4.The neighbor-range concept does not apply here; the value 4 in the 'V' column stands for the BGP version number, which is typically 4.