Free VMware 3V0-22.21 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers

• Select Menu > Policies and Profiles, and under Policies and Profiles, click VM Customization Specifications.
• Click the Create a new specification icon.

The New VM Guest Customization Specification wizard opens.

• On the Name and target OS page, enter a name and description for the customization specification and select Windows as a target guest OS.
• (Optional) Select the Generate a new security identity (SID) option and click Next.

A Windows Security ID (SID) is used in some Windows operating systems to uniquely identify systems and users. If you do not select this option, the new virtual machine has the same SID as the virtual machine or template from which it was cloned or deployed.

Duplicate SIDs do not cause problems when the computers are part of a domain and only domain user accounts are used. However, if the computers are part of a Workgroup or local user accounts are used, duplicate SIDs can compromise file access controls. For more information, see the documentation for your Microsoft Windows operating system.

• On the Set Registration Information page, enter the virtual machine owner’s name and organization and click Next.
• On the Computer name page, enter a computer name for the guest operating system and a domain name.

The operating system uses the computer name to identify itself on the network. On Linux systems, it is called the host name.

Option

Action

Use the virtual machine name

Select this option to use the virtual machine name. The computer name that vCenter Server creates is identical to the name of the virtual machine on which the guest operating system is running. If the name exceeds 63 characters, it is truncated.

Enter a name in the Clone/Deploy wizard

Select this option to be prompted to enter a name during cloning or deployment.

Enter a name

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The name can contain alphanumeric characters and a hyphen (-). It cannot contain a period (.), blank spaces, or special characters, and cannot contain digits only. Names are not case-sensitive.

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This action appends a hyphen followed by a numeric value to the virtual machine name. The name is truncated if it exceeds 63 characters when combined with the numeric value.

Generate a name using the custom application configured with vCenter Server

Optional: Enter a parameter that can be passed to the custom application.

• On the Windows license page, provide licensing information for the Windows operating system and click Next.

Option

Action

For nonserver operating systems

Type the Windows product key for the new guest operating system.

For server operating systems

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• On the Set Administrator Password page, configure the administrator password for the virtual machine and click Next.
• On the Time zone page, select the time zone for the virtual machine and click Next.
• (Optional) On the Run Once page, specify commands to run the first time a user logs in to the guest operating system and click Next.

See the Microsoft Sysprep documentation for information about RunOnce commands.

• On the Network page, select the type of network settings to apply to the guest operating system and click Next.

The Edit Network dialog box opens.

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You can configure all the settings at that stage or you can select the Prompt the user for an IPv4 address when the specification is used option. In that case, vCenter Server prompts for an IP address when you select to apply that customization specification during cloning or deployment. With that option, you can also configure the gateways during cloning or deployment.

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You can configure all the settings at that stage or you can select the Prompt the user for an address when the specification is used option. In that case, vCenter Server prompts for an IP address when you select to apply that customization specification during cloning or deployment. With that option, you can also configure the gateways during cloning or deployment.

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• On the Set Workgroup or Domain page, select how the virtual machine participates in the network and click Next.

Option

Action

Workgroup

Enter a workgroup name. For example, MSHOME.

Windows Server Domain

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• On the Ready to complete page, review the details and click Finish to save your changes.

• You must have an FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, or SCP server up and running with sufficient disk space to store the backup.
• Dedicate a separate folder on your server for each file-based backup.

• In a Web browser, go to the vCenter Server Appliance Management Interface, https://appliance-IP-address-or-FQDN:5480.
• Log in as root.
• In the vCenter Server Appliance Management Interface, click Summary.
• Click Backup.

PrerequisitesProcedureThe Backup Appliance wizard opens.

• Enter the backup protocol and location details.

Option

Description

Backup protocol

Select the protocol to use to connect to your backup server. You can select FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, or SCP.

For FTP, FTPS, HTTP, or HTTPS the path is relative to the home directory configured for the service. For SCP, the path is absolute to the remote systems root directory.

Backup location

Enter the server address and backup folder in which to store the backup files.

Port

Enter the default or custom port of the backup server.

User name

Enter a user name of a user with write privileges on the backup server.

Password

Enter the password of the user with write privileges on the backup server.

• (Optional) Select Encrypt Backup Data to encrypt your backup file and enter a password for the encryption.

If you select to encrypt the backup data, you must use the encryption password for the restore procedure.

• Click Next.
• On the Select parts to backup page, review the data that is backed up by default.
• (Optional) Select Stats, Events, and Tasks to back up additional historical data from the database.
• (Optional) In the Description text box, enter a description of the backup and click Next.
• On the Ready to complete page, review the summary information for the backup and click Finish.

The Backup Progress window opens and indicates the progress of the backup operation.

• After the backup process finishes, click OK to close the Backup Progress window.

ResultsYou successfully created a backup file of the vCenter Server Appliance.

VMware vSphere ESXi can use locally attached SSDs (Solid State Disk) and flash devices in multiple ways. Since SSDs offer much higher throughput and much lower latency than traditional magnetic hard disks the benefits are clear. While offering lower throughput and higher latency, flash devices such as USB or SATADOM can also be appropriate for some use cases. The potential drawback to using SSDs and flash device storage is that the endurance can be significantly less than traditional magnetic disks and it can vary based on the workload type as well as factors such as the drive capacity, underlying flash technology, etc.

This KB outlines the minimum SSD and flash device recommendations based on different technologies and use case scenarios.

SSD and Flash Device Use Cases

A non-exhaustive survey of various usage models in vSphere environment are listed below.

• Host swap cache

• Regular datastore
• vSphere Flash Read Cache (aka Virtual Flash)
• vSAN
• vSphere ESXi Boot Disk
• vSphere ESXi Coredump device
• vSphere ESXi Logging device

SSD Endurance Criteria

The flash industry often uses Tera Bytes Written (TBW) as a benchmark for SSD endurance. TBW is the number of terabytes that can be written to the device over its useful life. Most devices have distinct TBW ratings for sequential and random IO workloads, with the latter being much lower due to Write Amplification Factor (WAF) (defined below). Other measures of endurance commonly used are DWPD (Drive Writes Per Day) and P/E (Program/Erase) cycles.

Conversion formulas are provided here:

• Converting DWPD (Drive Writes Per Day) to TBW (Terabytes Written):
• Converting Flash P/E Cycles per Cell to TBW (Terabytes Written):

WAF is a measure of the induced writes caused by inherent properties of flash technology. Due to the difference between the storage block size (512 bytes), the flash cell size (typically 4KiB or 8KiB bytes) and the minimum flash erase size of many cells one write can force a number of induced writes due to copies, garbage collection, etc. For sequential workloads typical WAFs fall in the range of single digits while for random workloads WAFs can approach or even exceed 100. Table 1 contains workload characterization for the various workloads excepting the Datastore and vSphere Flash Read Cache workloads which depend on the characteristics of the Virtual Machines workloads being run and thus cannot be characterized here. A WAF from the table can be used with the above P/E to TBW formula.