Free PECB ISO-45001-Lead-Auditor Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 2

Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit References

Hazard: A potential source of harm or adverse health effects.

Risk: The likelihood of harm occurring as a result of the hazard.

Danger: An immediate threat that requires urgent action.

Analysis of Options:

A. Conference room emergency sign directs people to an exit that is no longer available for use (Hazard):Correctly identified as a hazard since it poses a potential risk during emergencies.

B. The carpet on the main staircase is peeling off (Risk):This is a hazard, not a risk, as it represents a source of potential harm.

C. The emergency light in the gift shop did not work when checked (Risk):This is a hazard because it is a condition that could lead to a risk during emergencies.

D. The fire extinguishers in the Natural World area have not been serviced in the last five years (Risk):Correctly identified as a risk because the likelihood of fire-related harm increases without proper servicing.

E. The head of the dinosaur suspended over the main hall has become detached from the rest of the skeleton (Risk):This is a hazard, not a risk, as it represents a potential source of harm.

F. The non-slip mats have been removed from the restaurant (Risk):This is a hazard, not a risk.

G. There is a high possibility of unfit food being sold due to the failure of the oven temperature indicator in the visitors' restaurant (Hazard):This is a risk because it specifies the likelihood of harm occurring (selling unfit food).

H. There is a water leak next to the electric heater in the admissions area (Danger):Correctly identified as a danger because it represents an immediate and critical threat.

ISO References:

Clause 6.1.2: Hazard identification and assessment of risks and opportunities.

According to Clause 3.32 of ISO 45001:2018, an audit is defined as a systematic, independent, and documented process for obtaining objective evidence and evaluating it to determine the extent to which audit criteria are fulfilled.

This involves assessing the effectiveness of health and safety measures implemented in the organization's OH&S management system.

Analysis of Options:

A. A systematic process to assess the risks in a workplace:Incorrect. While audits may include risk assessments, the purpose is broader and involves evaluating the entire OH&S management system.

B. An evaluation of the effectiveness of health and safety measures:Correct. This aligns with the definition of an audit as per ISO 45001:2018.

C. A legal requirement to comply with health and safety standards:Incorrect. An audit is not necessarily a legal requirement but a process to assess conformity.

D. A document that outlines safety procedures and guidelines:Incorrect. An audit is a process, not a document.

ISO Reference:

Clause 3.32: Audit definition.

Clause 0.2 of ISO 45001 emphasizes the involvement of top management and alignment of OH&S objectives with the organization’s OH&S policy.

Nonconformities Identified:

The objectives were developed by an external consultant without involving top management, which undermines leadership accountability and commitment.

The objectives were based on a competitor’s framework, not aligned with the organization’s unique OH&S policy or context.

Analysis of Options:

A. Establishing OH&S objectives did not include top management.True. Clause 5.1 (Leadership) and Clause 6.2 (Objectives) emphasize that top management must be involved in defining and supporting OH&S objectives.

B. OH&S objectives are not being implemented by personnel.Implementation relates to operationalization, not the development phase, and is not relevant to Clause 0.2.

C. OH&S objectives are not maintained as documented information.While documentation is required, the absence of documented information is a separate issue under Clause 7.5, not Clause 0.2.

D. OH&S objectives were not established in alignment with the organization’s OH&S policy.True. Clause 6.2.1 requires objectives to align with the OH&S policy, which reflects the organization’s commitment to safety and health.

E. The consultant has not interpreted ISO 45001 correctly.While possibly true, the issue here is the organization’s failure to involve top management, not the consultant’s interpretation.

F. The organization cannot afford to undertake OH&S objectives all at once.Financial constraints are not relevant to Clause 0.2; objectives can be prioritized for phased implementation.

ISO References:

Clause 0.2: Leadership commitment and alignment with organizational policy.

Clause 5.1: Top management’s role in leadership and participation.

Clause 6.2.1: Establishing OH&S objectives aligned with the policy.

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Explanation

Documented information on the organization’s legal requirements → Clause 6.1.3:Clause 6.1.3 requires the organization to identify, document, and maintain compliance obligations, including legal and other requirements relevant to OH&S.

Assessment of OH&S risks → Clause 6.1.2.2:Clause 6.1.2.2 mandates the organization to assess OH&S risks associated with its operations, taking into account hazards, controls, and work activities.

Internal and external issue determination → Clause 4.1:Clause 4.1 requires organizations to determine internal and external issues that affect the OH&S management system and its intended outcomes.

Agreements with the organization’s external providers → Clause 8.1.4.2:Clause 8.1.4.2 pertains to controlling external providers and ensuring their processes align with OH&S requirements, including documented agreements.

References

Clause 4.1: Understanding the organization and its context.

Clause 6.1.2.2: Assessment of risks and opportunities related to OH&S.

Clause 6.1.3: Compliance obligations.

Clause 8.1.4.2: Control of external providers.

Analysis of Options:

A. Integrated Management System:Correct. An Integrated Management System (IMS) combines multiple standards like ISO 45001, ISO 14001, and ISO 9001, addressing environment management as part of the integration.

B. ISO 14501:Incorrect. ISO 14501 pertains to milk and milk products, not environmental management.

C. ISO 45001:Incorrect. ISO 45001 focuses on Occupational Health and Safety, not environmental management.

D. ISO 14001:Correct. ISO 14001 is the primary standard for Environmental Management Systems.

ISO References:

ISO 14001: Environment Management Systems.

Integrated Management Systems: Combines standards like ISO 14001 and ISO 45001.

Follow-up audits verify that corrective actions have been implemented effectively and address the root cause of the nonconformities.

Analysis of Options:

A. Review the latest emergency response drill report:Correct. This verifies whether emergency response processes are functional and effective.

B. Check if the internal audit schedule was revised:Incorrect. While beneficial, this is not directly related to closing out the nonconformity.

C. Check safety data sheets for completeness:Incorrect. While this ensures compliance, it is not directly related to verifying corrective actions.

D. Check if revised procedures were signed off:Correct. This confirms that changes were properly documented and approved.

E. Determine whether an updated risk assessment was carried out:Correct. Risk assessments confirm the effectiveness of new controls.

F. Inspect areas for safe chemical storage and handling:Correct. Direct observation ensures that corrective actions are implemented effectively.

G. Interview staff on revised emergency procedures:Incorrect. While important, this does not directly address the effectiveness of corrective actions for chemical storage.

H. Interview the OH&S Manager about additional objectives:Incorrect. This is unrelated to the specific nonconformities raised.

ISO References:

Clause 10.2.2: Verification of corrective actions.

Clause 8.1.2: Hazard identification and controls.