Free ISTQB ISTQB-CTAL-TA Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 2

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

A (Decision Table testing technique): Correct. Decision tables are ideal for handling complex combinations and business rules, such as calculating fees based on various factors. The defect here is related to fee calculation logic.

B (Use Case testing): Incorrect. Use cases are better for user interaction scenarios.

C (Equivalence Partitioning): Incorrect. Date formatting is not the issue here.

D (Boundary Value Analysis): Incorrect. The problem is not with date comparison, but with rule-based fee calculation.

Therefore, the correct answer is A (Decision Table testing technique; Fee calculation defects).

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

Step 1: Identify Conditions and Rules:

Age (3 states): Below 18, Between 18-69, 70 or above

Alcohol consumption (2 states): ≤14 units, >14 units

Employment status (2 states): Employed, Unemployed

Smoking status (2 states): Smoker, Non-smoker

Step 2: Exclude Infeasible Combinations:

No insurance for age < 18 or age ≥ 70

Valid cases are those aged between 18-69.

Step 3: Calculate Valid Combinations:

Number of valid combinations (2 × 2 × 2 = 8)

Including 2 invalid age cases (under 18, over 70), the total is10test cases.

Therefore, the correct answer isB (10).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Pairwise testing is a combinatorial test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute all possible discrete combinations of each pair of input parameters. This technique significantly reduces the number of test cases compared to exhaustive testing while still covering pairwise interactions.

To calculate the number of test cases:

Colour: 4 options

Model: 3 options

Gigabytes: 4 options

Connectivity: 2 options

Pairwise testing does not necessarily involve multiplying all options, as it aims to cover all pairs. Using an orthogonal array or pairwise tool, the minimum number of test cases that cover all pairs for these parameters is16. Hence, the answer isC (16).

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

Conditions:

Age (3): Below 18, 18-69, 70+

Alcohol Consumption (2): ≤14 units, >14 units

BMI (2): ≤35, >35

Smoking (2): Yes, No

Employment (2): Full-time, Not full-time

Feasibility Check:

Age < 18 and Age ≥ 70: Not covered (2 invalid cases)

BMI > 35: Not covered (1 invalid case)

Valid combinations: 3 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 96

Therefore, the correct answer is B (96).

The best black-box test technique to test the processing functionality of this system is equivalence partitioning enhanced with boundary value analysis. Equivalence partitioning is a technique that divides the input domain into subdomains that are expected to behave similarly. Boundary value analysis is a technique that tests the values at or near the boundaries of an input domain. These techniques are suitable for testing a system that depends on defined ranges of input variables, as they can ensure that all subdomains and boundary values are covered by test cases. Verified References: [ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Analyst CTAL-TA], Section 3.2.1, page 33 and Section 3.2.2, page 35.

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

InAgile projects, theTest Analyst’s involvementtypically startsat the beginning of the project.

Test Analysts workcollaboratively with developers, product owners, and other team membersfrom the outset to ensure thattesting is integrated into the development process.

Option A (Beginning of the first iteration)is too late since planning and discussing test approaches begin earlier.

Option B (After signing off user stories)contradicts the Agile principle of continuous involvement.

Option C (In parallel with coding)also occurs too late since testing considerations should start during planning.

The correct answer isD (At the beginning of the project).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Classification tree diagramsare used to visualize combinations of input classes or partitions, helping in identifying and selecting test cases.

They are closely associated withEquivalence Partitioningbecause they help in identifying classes (partitions) and their combinations.

State transition testing (A)involves states and transitions, not combinations of classes.

Decision table testing (C)involves logical conditions and outcomes, rather than class combinations.

Use case testing (D)focuses on user interactions and scenarios.

Therefore, the correct answer isB (Equivalence partitioning).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

The situation involves combinations of multiple factors (attendance fund, ranking, locality, sponsorship, and history), which can result incombinatorial explosionif tested exhaustively.

Pairwise testingis the best choice here because itefficiently covers combinationsby focusing onpairwise interactionsrather than testing all possible combinations, making it suitable when time is limited.

State Transition testing (A)focuses on states and transitions, which is not the primary concern here.

Equivalence partitioning (C)would reduce the number of tests but does not cover combinations efficiently.

Use Case testing (D)is more focused on user interactions rather than combinations of input factors.

Therefore, the correct answer isB (Pairwise testing).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Defect-based techniquesuse the knowledge of defects that have occurred in the past to develop test cases that target similar types of issues.

Option Ccorrectly states that defect-based testing focuses on using known defect types as the basis for designing tests.

Option Ais incorrect because defect-based testing can be applied at various levels, not just the component level.

Option Bis incorrect since defect-based techniques do not necessarily guarantee more systematic coverage than black-box techniques.

Option Dis incorrect because defect-based testing focuses on detecting specific defect types rather than verifying requirements early.

Hence, the correct answer isC (In defect-based testing, the type of defect sought is used as the basis for test design).

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

a)Accessibility: Voice recognition commands are an accessibility feature, relevant for iOS (Iteration 1).

e)Portability: Ensuring the application can be installed on all iOS devices is relevant for Iteration 1.

b)Irrelevant, as it pertains to Android (Iteration 2).

c)Data integrity, not related to functional suitability, portability, or accessibility.

d)Daily budget usage (Iteration 3) is out of scope for Iteration 1.

Therefore, the correct answer isC (a, e).