Free Huawei H12-725_V4.0 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Outbound intelligent uplink selectionenables optimal routing decisions based on network conditions.

Smart DNS, Global Route Selection Policy, and ISP-Based Route Selectionare all part of intelligent uplink selection.

Why is A incorrect?

PBR is NOT an intelligent uplink selection technology; it applies static rules for traffic forwarding instead.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Intelligent Traffic Steering

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Authentication-free rules allow unauthenticated users to access essential services before login.

The following traffic must be allowed before authentication:

DNS traffic→ Users need to resolve domain names for the Portal page.

Portal page access→ The captive portal must be reachable.

RADIUS server communication→ Users must authenticate via RADIUS.

Why is this statement true?

Without these authentication-free rules, users would be unable to reach thePortal login page.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Portal Authentication-Free Rules

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Heartbeat linksbetween firewalls ensuresynchronization and failover.

Layer 2 or Layer 3 configuration depends on deployment needs, but there isno strict 30% bandwidth rulefor Eth-Trunk heartbeat links.

Why is this statement false?

The30% threshold condition is incorrect.

Eth-Trunk heartbeat links aretypically Layer 3 for better failover and routing control.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Firewall High Availability Deployment

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Host check policyis a security mechanism inSSL VPNto verifyterminal security compliancebefore granting access.

It checks for:

Antivirus software

Operating system patches

Running processes

Security settings

If the terminal fails the host check, access is denied.

Why is this statement true?

A successful host check is required before an SSL VPN session is allowed.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → SSL VPN Host Check Policy

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Windows system hardening improves security by reducing attack surfaces.

Recommended security measures include:

A. Periodically checking account permissions→ Prevents unauthorized access.

B. Canceling default sharing→ Reduces exposure to remote attacks.

C. Restricting the number of users→ Limits access to essential personnel.

Why is D incorrect?

Changing the default TTL value does not directly enhance system security.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Windows Hardening Best Practices

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

1️⃣Understanding HWTACACS:

HWTACACS (Huawei Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System)is aHuawei-proprietaryAAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) protocol.

It isbased on the TACACS+ protocolbut optimized for Huawei devices.

Why the Statement is False?

The statement contains atechnical inaccuracyabout thetransport protocolused by HWTACACS.

Incorrect:"It uses UDP for transmission."

Correct:HWTACACS uses TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), not UDP.

TACACS+ and HWTACACS both use TCP (port 49) for reliable communication.

Key Features of HWTACACS:

A screenshot of a computer AI-generated content may be incorrect.

Why TCP is Used Instead of UDP?

TCP ensures reliable deliveryof AAA messages.

UnlikeRADIUS (which uses UDP), HWTACACS does not suffer from packet loss issuessince TCP provides retransmission and flow control.

Where is HWTACACS Used?

Device Login Authentication→ Securely managesnetwork administrators accessing Huawei routers, switches, and firewalls.

Authorization Control→ Grants specific command-level privileges to users.

Accounting→ Logs command execution for auditing purposes.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

RADIUS and HWTACACS are AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) protocols, but they have key differences:

RADIUS→ Encrypts only passwords (not the entire message).

HWTACACS→ Encrypts the entire packet, providing better security.

Command authorization:

RADIUS does not support command-level authorization.

HWTACACS supports per-command authorization(used in network device access control).

Why is C false?

RADIUS does not authorize configuration commands; HWTACACS does.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → RADIUS vs. HWTACACS

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Regular expressions (regex) are used in data filtering to detect patterns in traffic.

*b.d Explanation:

b→ The word must start with 'b'.

.* → Matches any number of characters (wildcard).

d→ The word must end with 'd'.

Testing the given words:

A. abroad (✔matches)→ Starts with "b" but does not end with "d".

B. beside (✔matches)→ Starts with "b" but does not end with "d".

C. boring (✔allowed)→ Doesnotstart with "b" and end with "d" (safe to post).

D. bad (❌blocked)→ Starts with "b" and ends with "d" (matches the regex).

Why is C correct?

"boring" does not match the regex pattern, so it is not blocked.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Regular Expressions in Data Filtering

Understanding 802.1X Authentication in Wired Networks:

802.1X is a port-based network access control (PNAC) protocolthat requires aLayer 2 connectionbetween thesupplicant (PC), the authenticator (switch), and the authentication server (e.g., RADIUS server).

In wired networks,802.1X authentication occurs at the Ethernet switch (Layer 2 device), which enforces authenticationbefore allowing network access.

Why Must the Network Be Layer 2?

802.1X authentication operates at Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) before any IP-based communication (Layer 3) occurs.

If the authentication device and user terminal were on different Layer 3 networks, the authentication packets (EAPOL - Extensible Authentication Protocol Over LAN)would not be forwarded.

In the figure, the authentication control point is at theaggregation switch, which means thePC and switch must be in the same Layer 2 domain.

Components of 802.1X Authentication in the Figure:

Supplicant (PC)→ The device requesting network access.

Authenticator (Aggregation Switch)→ The switch controlling access to the network based on authentication results.

Authentication Server (iMaster NCE-Campus & AD Server)→ Verifies user credentials and grants or denies access.

Layer 2 Connectivity Requirement→ ThePC must be in the same Layer 2 networkas theAuthenticatorto communicate via EAPOL.

Why "TRUE" is the Correct Answer:

802.1X authentication is performed before IP addresses are assigned, meaning it can only operate in a Layer 2 network.

EAPOL (Extensible Authentication Protocol Over LAN) messages are not routableand must stay within a single Layer 2 broadcast domain.

In enterprise networks,VLAN-based 802.1X authentication is often used, where authenticated users are assigned to a specific VLAN.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide→ 802.1X Authentication in Enterprise Networks

Huawei iMaster NCE-Campus Documentation→ Authentication Control and NAC Deployment

IEEE 802.1X Standard Documentation→ Layer 2 Network Authentication

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Eth-Trunk can be created with just one member link; it isnot mandatory to have two links.

At least one active link is requiredfor the Eth-Trunk to function.

Eth-Trunk is a logical interfacethat can work atLayer 2 or Layer 3.

Why is A false?

Whilemultiple links are recommended, an Eth-Trunkcan work with just one active link.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Ethernet Trunking

Huawei USG Firewalls Link Aggregation Guide