Free Amazon Web Services SOA-C02 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 7

To enable on-premises resources to resolve DNS queries for records in a Route 53 private hosted zone, you can set up a Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint. This allows DNS resolvers on your on-premises network to forward DNS queries to Route 53 Resolver via the inbound endpoint over the AWS Direct Connect connection.

By configuring your on-premises DNS resolvers to forward queries to the IP addresses of the inbound endpoint, your on-premises VMs can resolve DNS records in the private hosted zone efficiently and securely.

The reason is that it uses the Amazon CloudWatch billing alarm which is a built-in service specifically designed to monitor and alert on cost usage of your AWS account, which makes it a more suitable solution for this use case. The alarm can be configured to detect when costs reach 75% of the threshold and when it is triggered, it can publish a message to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. The email distribution list can be subscribed to the topic, so that they will receive the alerts when costs reach 75% of the threshold.

AWS Budgets allows you to track and manage your costs, but it doesn't specifically focus on data transfer costs between regions, and it might not provide as much granularity as CloudWatch Alarms.

To optimize the routing of requests to the application for users in different geographic locations, use Amazon Route 53's latency-based routing:

Latency Routing Policy: Modify the Route 53 DNS settings for app.anycompany.com by changing the routing policy to latency. This policy routes user requests to the server that has the lowest latency relative to the user's location.

Configure Latency Records: Create latency records for each ALB—one for the ALB in us-west-2 and another for the new ALB in ap-southeast-2. Route 53 will automatically direct traffic to the endpoint that provides the lowest latency connection to the user.

Seamless User Experience: By using latency routing, the URL remains the same (app.anycompany.com), but the backend service location varies based on which endpoint is likely to respond the fastest. This setup provides a seamless experience for users, reducing latency without requiring any changes to how they access the application.

This method leverages Route 53's advanced DNS capabilities to ensure optimal performance and user experience by dynamically routing traffic based on geographic latency considerations.

To ensure that all users within the AWS Organization have read-level access to a specific Amazon S3 bucket, while preventing access outside the organization, you can specify a wildcard principal ("Principal": "*") and use the PrincipalOrgId condition key in the bucket policy.

Specify the Principal:

Use "Principal": "*". This means that any principal can access the bucket, but the actual access will be controlled by the condition.

Add Condition with PrincipalOrgId:

Add a condition to restrict access based on the PrincipalOrgId. This condition ensures that only the principals from the specified AWS Organization can access the bucket.

Example bucket policy:

{

"Version": "2012-10-17",

"Statement": [

{

"Effect": "Allow",

"Principal": "*",

"Action": "s3:GetObject",

"Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::bucket-name/*",

"Condition": {

"StringEquals": {

"aws:PrincipalOrgID": "o-exampleorgid"

}

}

}

]

}

Amazon S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) is a feature that automatically replicates objects across AWS regions. When CRR is configured, certain aspects are replicated by default, and some are not. Here are the details:

Objects in the source S3 bucket for which the bucket owner does not have permissions: CRR does not replicate objects for which the bucket owner does not have permissions.

Objects that are stored in S3 Glacier: Objects in the S3 Glacier storage class are not replicated by CRR.

Objects that existed before replication was configured: Only objects created or modified after the replication configuration will be replicated. Objects that existed before the configuration are not replicated by default.

Object metadata: CRR replicates the object metadata along with the object to ensure that the replica in the destination bucket is as accurate as possible.

Amazon S3 Cross-Region Replication

Replication Configuration Examples

To remotely connect to the EC2 instance, the SysOps administrator must ensure that the security group allows inbound SSH traffic.

Modify the Security Group:

Navigate to the EC2 console.

Select the security group associated with the EC2 instance.

Add an inbound rule to allow SSH traffic (TCP port 22) from the SysOps administrator's IP address.

Example rule:

Type: SSH

Protocol: TCP

Port Range: 22

Source:

Amazon FSx for Windows File Server provides a fully managed native Microsoft Windows file system that supports the SMB protocol and Windows ACLs, ensuring compatibility with existing applications and processes. Using a Multi-AZ deployment ensures high availability by providing automatic failover to a standby instance in a different Availability Zone.

Create Amazon FSx for Windows File Server:

Open the Amazon FSx console at Amazon FSx Console.

Choose Create file system.

Select Amazon FSx for Windows File Server, then click Next.

Configure File System Settings:

In the File system details section, provide the necessary details such as Deployment type, Storage capacity, and Throughput capacity.

Select Multi-AZ deployment to ensure high availability.

Choose the Windows authentication method, either AWS Managed Microsoft AD or Self-managed Microsoft AD.

Network & Security Configuration:

Select the VPC, subnet, and security groups to attach to the file system.

Ensure subnets are in different Availability Zones for Multi-AZ configuration.

Review and Create:

Review the settings and click Create file system.

Access the File System:

Once the file system is created, you can map the network drive using the provided DNS name and manage permissions using Windows ACLs.

Amazon FSx for Windows File Server Documentation

Creating a Multi-AZ File System

https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/database/improving-application-availability-with-amazon-rds-proxy/

Objective:

Notify administrators via email whenever a root user sign-in event occurs.

Using Amazon EventBridge and Amazon SNS:

EventBridge: Captures the root user sign-in events from AWS CloudTrail.

SNS: Publishes email notifications to subscribed recipients.

Steps to Implement:

Step 1: Enable CloudTrail for management events if not already enabled.

Step 2: Create an EventBridge rule:

Event pattern:

{

"source": ["aws.signin"],

"detail-type": ["AWS Console Sign In via Root Account"]

}

Step 3: Set the rule target to an SNS topic.

Step 4: Subscribe email addresses to the SNS topic.

AWS References:

EventBridge Rules:Creating EventBridge Rules

SNS Subscriptions:Amazon SNS Subscriptions

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option A: Trusted Advisor does not directly send notifications for root sign-ins.

Option B: Using an EC2 instance and scripts is less efficient and not operationally optimized.

Option C: Sending notifications to SQS introduces unnecessary complexity and delays.

To change an EC2 instance type (e.g., from t3.large to c5.large):

You must stop the instance, change the instance type, then start it again.

From EC2 instance resize documentation:

Changing the instance type requires stopping and starting the instance, unless you're using Elastic Beanstalk or Auto Scaling groups with launch templates.