Free CompTIA SY0-601 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 11

The company is implementing privileged access management, which provides just-in-time permissions for administrative functions.

Based on the given information, the most likely type of malware infecting the hosts is a RAT (Remote Access Trojan). RATs are often used for stealthy unauthorized access to a victim's computer, and they can evade traditional antivirus software through various sophisticated techniques. In particular, the fact that the malware is communicating with external IP addresses during specific hours suggests that it may be under the control of an attacker who is issuing commands from a remote location. Ransomware, polymorphic malware, and worms are also possible culprits, but the context of the question suggests that a RAT is the most likely answer. 

SMS-based authentication is considered to be the least secure among the given options. This is because SMS messages can be intercepted or redirected by attackers through techniques such as SIM swapping, man-in-the-middle attacks, or exploiting weaknesses in the SS7 protocol used by mobile networks. Additionally, SMS messages can be compromised if a user's phone is lost, stolen, or infected with malware. In contrast, TOTP (Time-based One-Time Password), HOTP (HMAC-based One-Time Password), and token keys are more secure as they rely on cryptographic algorithms or physical devices to generate one-time use codes, which are less susceptible to interception or unauthorized access. Reference: 1. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). (2017). Digital Identity Guidelines: Authentication and Lifecycle Management (NIST SP 800-63B). https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs /SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-63b.pdf

Barricades and signage are the most cost-effective and time-efficient controls to deter intrusions at the perimeter of a restricted, remote military training area. References:

• CompTIA Security+ Study Guide Exam SY0-601, Chapter 7

Data loss prevention (DLP) is a technology used to actively monitor for specific file types being transmitted on the network. DLP solutions can prevent the unauthorized transfer of sensitive information, such as credit card numbers and social security numbers, by monitoring data in motion.

References: CompTIA Security+ Study Guide, Exam SY0-601, 4th Edition, Chapter 2: Technologies and Tools, pp. 99-102.

A Business Impact Analysis (BIA) is a critical component of a Business Continuity Plan (BCP). It identifies and prioritizes critical business functions and determines the impact of their disruption. References: CompTIA Security+ Study Guide 601, Chapter 10

The use of a drone for perimeter and boundary monitoring can raise privacy concerns, as it may capture video and images of individuals on or near the monitored premises. The company should take measures to ensure that privacy rights are not violated. References:

• CompTIA Security+ Study Guide, Exam SY0-601, 4th Edition, Chapter 8

The researcher is most likely using the MITRE ATT&CK framework. MITRE ATT&CK is a globally accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) based on real-world observations. It helps security teams better understand and track adversaries by creating a named group, which aligns with the scenario described in the question. The framework is widely recognized and referenced in the cybersecurity industry, including in CompTIA Security+ study materials. References: 1. CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam Objectives (SY0-601): https://www.comptia.jp/pdf/Security%2B%20SY0-601%20Exam%20Objectives.pdf 2. MITRE ATT &CK: https://attack.mitre.org/

MITRE ATT&CK is a knowledge base of adversary tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) that are observed in real-world cyberattacks. MITRE ATT&CK provides a common framework and language for describing and analyzing cyber threats and their behaviors. MITRE ATT&CK also allows security researchers to create named groups that track specific adversaries based on their TTPs.

The other options are not correct because:

• A. The Cyber Kill Chain is a model that describes the stages of a cyberattack from reconnaissance to exfiltration. The Cyber Kill Chain does not provide a way to create named groups based on adversary TTPs.
• B. The incident response process is a set of procedures and guidelines that defines how an organization should respond to a security incident. The incident response process does not provide a way to create named groups based on adversary TTPs.
• C. The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis is a framework that describes the four core features of any intrusion: adversary, capability, infrastructure, and victim. The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis does not provide a way to create named groups based on adversary TTPs.

According to CompTIA Security+ SY0-601 Exam Objectives 1.1 Compare and contrast different types of social engineering techniques:

“MITRE ATT&CK is a knowledge base of adversary tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) that are observed in real-world cyberattacks. MITRE ATT&CK provides a common framework and language for describing and analyzing cyber threats and their behaviors.”

References: https://www.comptia.org/certifications/security#examdetails https://www.comptia.org/content/guides/comptia-security-sy0-601-exam-objectives https://attack.mitre.org/

The test environment is used to assess the execution of component parts of a system at both the hardware and software levels and to measure performance characteristics. References: CompTIA Security+ Study Guide 601, Chapter 2

Vulnerability scanning is a proactive security measure used to identify vulnerabilities in the network and systems. References: CompTIA Security+ Study Guide 601, Chapter 4

The symptoms suggest a keylogger is being used to compromise the user accounts, allowing the attackers to obtain the users' passwords and other sensitive information. References:

• CompTIA Security+ Study Guide Exam SY0-601, Chapter 6

The chmod command is used to change the permissions of a file or directory. The analyst can use chmod to reduce the permissions for existing users and groups and remove the set-user-ID bit from the file. References:

• CompTIA Security+ Study Guide Exam SY0-601, Chapter 6

The directory traversal attack was successfully implemented based on the output. The output shows that the administrator used a tool called Nikto, which is a web server scanner that can detect vulnerabilities and misconfigurations3. The output also shows that Nikto found several files and directories that should not be accessible by web users, such as “/etc/passwd”, “/var/log”, “/etc/shadow”, etc. This indicates that the web server or application has a vulnerability that allows an attacker to manipulate the file path and access arbitrary files on the server. This is a type of attack known as directory traversal, which can lead to information disclosure, privilege escalation, or remote code execution.

Residual risk is the risk that remains after applying risk mitigation measures, such as controls, policies, or procedures. It reflects the level of uncertainty and potential impact that cannot be completely eliminated by risk management efforts. Residual risk is calculated by subtracting the risk reduction from the inherent risk, or by multiplying the inherent risk by the risk control effectiveness. Residual risk should be compared to the acceptable level of risk to determine if further action is needed or if the risk can be accepted by the management. References: CompTIA Security+ SY0-601 Certification Study Guide, Chapter 10: Summarizing Risk Management Concepts, page 456; Residual risk - Wikipedia; Residual risk definition and why it’s important - Advisera

Job rotation is the practice of regularly transitioning employees between different job roles to ensure they gain exposure to various departments and skills. Job rotation can help with employee burnout by providing variety and challenge, and with continuity of business operations by creating backups and cross-trained staff