Free Isaca CDPSE Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 5

Validating the privacy framework is a responsibility of the audit function in helping an organization address privacy compliance requirements, as it would help to verify and validate the effectiveness and adequacy of the privacy framework implemented by the organization to comply with privacy principles, laws and regulations. Validating the privacy framework would also help to identify and report any gaps, weaknesses or issues in the privacy framework, and to provide recommendations for improvement or remediation. The other options are not responsibilities of the audit function in helping an organization address privacy compliance requirements. Approving privacy impact assessments (PIAs) is a responsibility of management or governance function in helping an organization address privacy compliance requirements, as they would have authority and accountability for approving PIAs conducted by project teams or business units before implementing any system, project, program or initiative that involves personal data processing activities. Managing privacy notices provided to customers is a responsibility of operational function in helping an organization address privacy compliance requirements, as they would have direct contact and interaction with customers and would be responsible for providing clear and accurate information about how their personal data is collected, used, disclosed and transferred by the organization. 

The best control to prevent data leakage for a cloud-based HR solution with a mobile application interface is to disable the download of data to the mobile devices. This is because downloading data to the mobile devices increases the risk of data loss, theft, or unauthorized access, especially if the devices are lost, stolen, or compromised. Disabling the download of data to the mobile devices ensures that the data remains in the cloud-based solution, where it can be protected by encryption, access control, and other security measures. The other options are not as effective or sufficient as disabling the download of data to the mobile devices, as they do not address the root cause of the data leakage risk, which is the exposure of data outside the cloud-based solution.

References: CDPSE Review Manual, 2021, p. 128

Public key infrastructure (PKI) is a system that enables the use of public key cryptography, which is a method of encrypting and authenticating data using a pair of keys: a public key and a private key. Public key cryptography can protect against man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks, which are attacks where an attacker intercepts and modifies the communication between two parties. PKI makes public key cryptography feasible by providing a way to generate, distribute, verify, and revoke public keys. PKI also uses digital certificates, which are documents that bind a public key to an identity, and certificate authorities, which are trusted entities that issue and validate certificates. By using PKI, the parties can ensure that they are communicating with the intended recipient and that the data has not been tampered with by an attacker.

References:

• What is Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)? - Fortinet
• How is man-in-the-middle attack prevented in TLS? [duplicate]
• A brief look at Man-in-the-Middle Attacks and the Role of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)

Remote employee monitoring software is a solution that collects, analyzes and reports data on the activities and behaviors of employees who work remotely or from home. It can help organizations to measure and improve employee productivity, performance, engagement and security. However, it also poses significant privacy risks and challenges, as it may involve the collection and processing of personal data, such as names, email addresses, biometric data, IP addresses, keystrokes, screenshots, web browsing history, app usage, communication content and frequency, etc.

Data access should be restricted based on roles, meaning that only authorized and legitimate parties should be able to access and use the data collected by the remote employee monitoring software, based on their roles and responsibilities within the organization. This is a key privacy principle and practice that helps to protect the privacy rights and interests of the employees, and to prevent unauthorized or excessive access, use, disclosure or modification of their personal data by the organization or third parties. Data access restriction based on roles also helps to comply with data protection laws and regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) or the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), which require data controllers and processors to implement appropriate technical and organizational measures to safeguard personal data.

References:

• Mobile Workforce Security Considerations and Privacy - ISACA, section 3: “The principle of least privilege should be applied to ensure that only authorized personnel have access to the data.”
• Why Employee Privacy Matters More Than Ever - ISACA, section 3: “Privacy-first monitoring should include granular privacy controls, including: Auto-redacting personal information; Restricting access to sensitive information based on role; Masking sensitive information from view.”

The best testing method to identify and review the application’s runtime modules is dynamic application security testing (DAST). DAST is a testing technique that analyzes the application’s behavior and functionality during its execution. DAST can detect security and privacy vulnerabilities that are not visible in the source code, such as injection attacks, cross-site scripting, broken authentication, sensitive data exposure, or improper error handling. DAST can also simulate real-world attacks and test the application’s response and resilience. DAST can provide a comprehensive and realistic assessment of the application’s security and privacy posture in the pre-production environment. References:

• [ISACA Glossary of Terms]
• [OWASP Top 10 Web Application Security Risks]
• [ISACA CDPSE Review Manual, Chapter 2, Section 2.4.2]
• [ISACA Journal, Volume 6, 2018, “Dynamic Application Security Testing”]

 Transparency is the most important attribute of a privacy policy because it informs the users about how their personal data is collected, used, shared, and protected by the organization. Transparency also helps to build trust and confidence with the users, and to comply with legal and ethical obligations regarding data privacy.

References:

• ISACA Certified Data Privacy Solutions Engineer Study Guide, Domain 2: Privacy Governance, Task 2.1: Develop and implement privacy policies and procedures, p. 49-50.
• What is a Privacy Policy? | Privacy Policies

Data flow mapping is a technique to document how personal data flows within and outside an organization, including the sources, destinations, formats, purposes and legal bases of the data processing activities. Data flow mapping helps organizations to assess privacy risks, such as data breaches, unauthorized access, misuse or loss of data, and to implement appropriate controls to mitigate those risks. Data flow mapping may also help organizations to evaluate the effectiveness of data controls, determine data integration gaps and comply with regulations, but those are not the primary reasons for data flow mapping1, p. 69-70 References: 1: CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version)

Biometric records are personal information that can be used to identify an individual based on their physical or behavioral characteristics, such as fingerprints, facial recognition, iris scans, voice patterns, etc. Biometric records are considered sensitive personal information that require special protection and consent from the data subject. Biometric records can be used for various purposes, such as authentication, identification, security, etc., but they also pose privacy risks, such as unauthorized access, use, disclosure, or transfer of biometric data. References: : CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version), page 25

The most important consideration for determining the operational life of an encryption key is the volume and sensitivity of data protected by the key. The operational life of an encryption key is the period of time during which the key can be used securely and effectively to encrypt and decrypt data. The operational life of an encryption key depends on various factors, such as the length and complexity of the key, the strength and speed of the encryption algorithm, the number and frequency of encryption operations, the number of entities involved in communication, and the number of digitally signed documents in force. However, among these factors, the volume and sensitivity of data protected by the key is the most critical, as it affects the risk and impact of a potential compromise or exposure of the key. The higher the volume and sensitivity of data protected by the key, the shorter the operational life of the key should be, as this reduces the window of opportunity for an attacker to access or misuse the data.

References: CDPSE Review Manual, 2021, p. 117

The first step when performing a data quality assessment is to assess the completeness of the data inventory, which is a comprehensive list of all data assets within the organization. This will help identify the scope, sources, owners, and characteristics of the data to be assessed. The other options are possible actions that may be taken after the data inventory is complete, depending on the objectives and criteria of the assessment.

References:

• CDPSE Exam Content Outline, Domain 3 – Data Lifecycle (Data Quality), Task 1: Perform a data quality assessment1.
• CDPSE Review Manual, Chapter 3 – Data Lifecycle, Section 3.2 – Data Quality2.