Effective Study Techniques for the RedHat RH033 Exam

The LPRM command is used to remove a file from a print queue.

Answer option D is incorrect. The LPQ command reports the status of a print queue.

Answer option A is incorrect. The LPR command is used to submit a file for printing.

Answer option B is incorrect. There is no command such as LPQDEL in Linux.

You will use the ssh command to remotely login to the host York and then remotely execute the command 'df -h' to check the disk space usage on the remote system.

The bg utility resumes suspended jobs from the current environment by running them as background jobs if job control is enabled. If the job specified by job_id is already a running background job, the bg utility will have no effect and shall exit successfully. Using bg to place a job into the background will cause its process ID to become "known in the current shell execution environment", as if it had been started as an asynchronous list.

Answer option D is incorrect. The fg utility continues a stopped job by running it in the foreground, some shells are not able to run this command.

Syntax:

fg [%job] Where %job specifies the job that a user wants to run in the foreground.

Answer option A is incorrect. The jobs command lists the jobs that are running in the background and in the foreground. If the prompt is returned with no information, no jobs are present.

Syntax: jobs [-p | -l] [-n] [-p] [-x] [job id]

Some important options used with jobs command are as follows:

Answer option C is incorrect. The top command is used to produce a frequently-updated list of processes. By default, the processes are ordered by percentage of CPU usage, with only the "top" CPU consumers shown. This command shows how much processing power and memory are being used, as well as other information about the running processes. The following figure demonstrates the output of the top command:

Open source software is software that has been released under an Open Source Initiative (OSI) certified license. The definition includes 10 criteria, which are described as follows:

Open source software is software that has been released under an Open Source Initiative (OSI) certified license. The definition includes 10 criteria, which are described as follows:

1. Free Redistribution: The license allows any party selling or giving away the software as a component of an aggregate software distribution comprising programs from many different sources.

2. Source code: Anyone can modify the source code.

3. Derived Works: The license must allow changes and derived work under the same conditions as the license of the original software.

4. Integrity of the authors source code: To maintain the integrity of the original authors work, the license may require that changes to the code be provided in patch form.

5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups: The license must be nondiscriminatory with respect to persons or group of persons.

Therefore, open source license are forbidden from locking anyone out of the process.

6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor: The license must not restrict anyone from making use of the software in a specific field of endeavor.

7. Distribution of License: The license can be distributed to all but the rights attached to that program must apply to all to whom the program is distributed. And no party can execute any additional license.

8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product: It may not require that the software be part of particular distribution.

9. License Must Not Restrict Other Software: It may not restrict other non-open source software.

10. License Must Be Technology-Neutral: It may not require the use of technology to apply the license.

Answer options B and A are incorrect. These are the characteristics of closed source software.

In order to accomplish the task, you will have to execute the following command: find /-perm -4000

This command will search the current directory and its sub-directories for all the files on which SUID has been set.

Answer options C and B are incorrect. The ls command is used to list all files in the current directory and its subdirectory.

Answer option A is incorrect. This will find all the files on which SGID is set.

The lastb command is used to view failed login attempts on a user account.

What is the lastb command?

The lastb command is used to view bad login attempts. The command searches in reverse order through the database file named /var/adm/btmp in order to display the required information.

Answer option C is incorrect. The lastlog command reports the most recent logins of all users or of a given user.

Answer options A and D are incorrect. There are no such commands as lastw and lastf in Linux.

The Evolution and Mozilla are the Graphical Mail clients in Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

The traceroute -w command is used to make traceroute wait 5 seconds (default) for a response to a packet.

What is traceroute?

Traceroute is a route-tracing utility that displays the path an IP packet takes to reach its destination.

It uses Internet

Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo packets to display the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) and the IP address of each gateway along the route to the remote host. Traceroute sends out a packet to the destination computer with the TTL field value of 1. When the first router in the path receives the packet, it decrements the TTL value by

1. If the TTL value is zero, it discards the packet and sends a message back to the originating host to inform it that the packet has been discarded. Traceroute records the IP address and DNS name of that router, and sends another packet with a TTL value of

2. This packet goes through the first router, and then times out at the next router in the path. The second router also sends an error message back to the originating host. Now, the process starts once again and

traceroute continues to send data packets with incremented TTL values until a packet finally reaches the target host, or until it decides that the host is unreachable. In the whole process, traceroute also records the time taken for a round trip for each packet at each router.

Answer option B is incorrect. The traceroute -T command uses the TCP/SYN packets for probing.

Answer option C is incorrect. The traceroute -q command sets the number of probe packets per hop.

The default value is 3.

Answer option D is incorrect. The traceroute -r command bypasses the normal routing tables and sends the probe packet directly to a host on an attached network. If the host is not on a directly-attached network, an error is returned. This option can be used to ping a local host through an interface that has no route through it.

The lpq command views the content of a print queue.

Answer option D is incorrect. The lpr command sends a job to the queue to be printed.

Answer option A is incorrect. The lprm command removes a job from the queue.

Answer option B is incorrect. The lpstat -a command lists the configured printers.

The most likely cause of the issue is that David does not have the Write permission on the Sales directory.

The listing of the directory shows that root is the owner of the Sales directory. The permissions on the Sales directory are rwxr-xr-x. The permission character set has three sets of three permissions that are Read, Write, and Execute. The first set, which is rwx, represents the

Read, Write, and Execute permissions to the owner of the file. The second set, which is r-x, provides the Read and Execute permissions to the group root. The third set, which is r-x, provides the Read and Execute permissions to other users.

In order to resolve the issue, you will have to make David the owner of the Sales directory. For this, you will have to run the following command:

chown david sales

After becoming the owner of the directory, David will automatically get the Write permission, and he will be able to store his files in the directory.

Setting permissions on files and folders in Linux

Answer option B is incorrect. As the listing shows that David is not the owner of the folder, this will not make any difference.

Answer options D and C are incorrect. According to the question, the directory is properly listed, and mounting or deletion is not an issue.