NCLEX NCLEX-PN Exam Made Easy: Step-by-Step Preparation Guide

The physician is an integral part of the case-management process in terms of assisting with defining the

client’s needs and the time frames for movement through the health care system; however, the physician is the expert for medical diagnosis and treatment rather than resource utilization.Coordinated Care

A crisis is an acute, time-limited state of disequilibrium resulting from a situational, developmental, or societal source of stress. Utilizing the nursing process, the nurse should assist clients to work through a crisis to its resolution and restore their precrisis level of functioning.Psychosocial Integrity

Serotonin is a substance that is in the body and promotes sleep. Serotonin might play a role in synthesis of a hypnogenic factor that directly causes sleep. Drugs and alcohol can disrupt REM sleep, although they might accelerate the onset of sleep.Basic Care and Comfort

Childhood sexual abuse is associated with adult-onset depression and with an increased risk for lifetime and current post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). About one-third of all victims of sexual abuse meet the diagnostic criteria for PTSD. A person with PTSD has three main types of symptoms: (1) Re-experiencing the traumatic event with flashbacks, nightmares, and exaggerated reactions to triggers that remind the person of the event. (2) Emotional numbing is evidenced by avoidance of activities, places, thoughts, feelings, or conversations related to the trauma; feelings of detachment from others; and restricted or blunted emotions. (3) Increased activity is seen in bursts of anger, difficulty sleeping, hypervigilence, difficulty concentrating, and an exaggerated startle response. Other problems associated with PTSD are panic attacks, suicidal thoughts and feelings, substance abuse, eating disorders, feelings of alienation and isolation, and feelings of mistrust and betrayal.Psychosocial Integrity

The ethical principle of veracity is truth-telling. Autonomy is client self-determination (that is, clients making their own decisions). Beneficence is the principle of doing good, which is a foundation of nursing care.

Coordinated Care

Structure standards define all the conditions needed to operate, direct, and control a system. They do not address client care but rather describe structure with regard to purpose, such as philosophy, objectives, goals, hours of operation, and management responsibility.Coordinated Care

Felonies are serious crimes punishable by time in prison. Types of torts are assault, battery, and negligence in addition to slander, invasion of privacy, false imprisonment, and fraud.Coordinated Care

The three levels of prevention address disease and disability across all phases, from absence of disease and at risk for disease, to preventing further impairment. Hearing impairment associatedwith prematurity cannot be prevented by screening, but identifying the infants with hearing loss might prevent sequelae and further impairment by allowing early intervention.Safety and Infection Control

A child can have up to 20 temporary (deciduous or baby) teeth. The first tooth usually erupts by age 6 months and the last by age 30 months. All temporary teeth usually are shed between 6 and 13 years of age.Preventionand Early Detection of Disease

When an elderly client has been hospitalized for an illness, under Medicare he or she can be transferred to a nursing facility.Health Promotion and Maintenance

The anthropologist Kleinman makes a distinction between disease and illness. Disease is the health care professionals’ biomedical understanding of the health problem, while illness is the client’s personal and unique understanding and definition of what is happening to him. The theorist states that cultural factors determine the importance of the various domains of influence.Health Promotion and Maintenance

Colon tumors tend to spread through the lymphatics and portal vein to the liver. Although metastasis to the other sites listed is possible, the liver is most likely the first to be affected.Physiological Adaptation

Symbols of health or traditions might include certain ritualistic items that are used to maintain, protect, or restore physical, mental, or spiritual health.Psychosocial Integrity

Restating allows the client to validate the nurse’s understanding of what has been communicated. It’s an active listening technique. Regarding Choice 2, judgments should be suspended in a nurse-client relationship. Choice 3 is incorrect because leading questions ask for more information rather than showing understanding. Choice 4 communicates understanding, but the client has no way of measuring the understanding.PsychosocialIntegrity

Try to make the client as comfortable as possible but refuse to assist in death. One of the competencies necessary for nurses to have in giving high quality care to clients/families during the end of life care is: apply legal and ethical principles in the analysis of complex issues and end-of-life care, recognizing the influence of personal values, profession codes, and client preferences.Psychosocial Integrity