ASQ CQE Exam Success: Certified Quality Engineer Complete Study and Preparation Tips

Bilateral tolerance means that the allowable deviation is specified in both directions from the nominal dimension.

In the provided drawing, the hole dimension is given with an equal tolerance range on both sides, indicating bilateral tolerance.

References: "Engineering Drawing and Design" by David A. Madsen and "Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing" by Alex Krulikowski discuss bilateral tolerances and theirrepresentation in technical drawings.

In factorial design experiments, fractionating involves using a subset of the full set of experimental runs. A 242^424 full factorial experiment involves 16 runs, and fractionating this to 24−12^{4-1}24−1 results in 8 runs.

90% Fraction:

Incorrect, as this would imply a fractional design close to the full factorial, but it is not standard terminology.

75% Fraction:

The correct answer as 24−12^{4-1}24−1 implies a design that uses 816\frac{8}{16}168​ or 50% of the full factorial runs. However, in common terminology, a fractionated design resulting in fewer runs (half of the runs) is considered a 50% fraction. Therefore, this fractionation corresponds to a 50% fraction or half fraction.

Fraction:

Too vague, as it does not specify the fraction size.

Fraction:

Duplicates "fraction."

Therefore, the correct fractional reduction is to a 50% fraction, which is commonly used in design of experiments. The proper fraction designation in this case should be 50%, not 75%.

References: Design of experiments (DOE) principles.

To detect subsurface flaws, a method that can penetrate the surface of the material and reveal flaws below the surface is required. Visual inspection and liquid penetrant tests are typically used for surface defects, while the Rockwell test measures hardness. Magnetic particle testing, however, is

Magnetic particle testing (MT) is a non-destructive testing method used to detect surface and near-surface flaws in ferromagnetic materials. It involves magnetizing the material and applying ferrous particles that gather around discontinuities, making subsurface flaws detectable.

The equation to calculate the upper control limit (UCL) for an average chart (X-bar chart) is X + D4 R. Here, X is the process mean, D4 is a control chart constant that depends on the sample size, and R is the average range of the samples. This formula helps in determining the upper threshold beyond which a process is considered out of control. Reference: "Introduction to Statistical Quality Control" by Douglas C. Montgomery, which provides detailed explanations on control charts and their calculations.

A laser scanner is a noncontact measurement tool that uses laser technology to measure the dimensions and shape of an object without physically touching it. This is useful for precise measurements where contact might damage the part or alter the measurement.

References:

Jain, R.K. (1994). Engineering Metrology. Khanna Publishers.

ASQ. (n.d.). Measurement System Analysis. Retrieved from https://asq.org/quality-resources/measurement-system-analysis

A probability plot is used to evaluate whether a data set follows a specified distribution, such as the normal distribution. By plotting the data against the expected values of the distribution, one can visually assess normality.

References:

Montgomery, D.C., & Runger, G.C. (2010). Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers.Wiley.

NIST/SEMATECH. (n.d.). e-Handbook of Statistical Methods. Retrieved fromhttps://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/

To implement a total quality system, the steps should be performed in the following order:

Determine system requirements (2)

Develop a measurement system (3)

Audit the system (1)

Perform continuous improvement activities (4)

This sequence ensures that the system's needs are identified first, followed by the establishment of metrics to measure performance. Auditing verifies compliance and effectiveness, and continuous improvement ensures ongoing enhancement of the quality system.