Your Path to Success: How to Pass the Nokia 4A0-106 Nokia Virtual Private Routed Networks Exam

“Spoke_Sites”

“Hub_Site”

“Spoke_Sites” and “Hub_Site”

No communities should be imported.

Resources consumed at the sender and receiver PEs can be reduced by using BGP ORF.

BGP ORF allows a receiving PE to filter out unnecessary inbound routes.

A PE indicates its ORF capabilities to its neighbor PE in a BGP Open message.

BGP ORF is most effective when a large number of routes is being exchanged between two peers, and most routes are filtered out on arrival.

The system address of PE2 is present. The system addresses of CSC-PE1 and CSC-PE2 are not present.

The system addresses of PE2, CSC-PE1 and CSC-PE2 are all present.

The system address of CSC-CE1, the route 192.168.10.1, and the route 192.168.20.1 are all present.

The system address of PE2 and the route 192.168.20.1 are present.

An MP-eBGP session between route reflectors in different autonomous systems to exchange IPv4 routes.

An MP-eBGP session between ASBRs to exchange labeled IPv4 routes.

An eBGP session between ASBRs to exchange IPv4 routes.

An MP-eBGP session between ASBRs to exchange VPN-IPv4 routes.

PE2 pushes two labels on the IP packet and forwards it to ASBR2.

ASBR2 forwards the IP packet with one label to ASBR1.

ASBR1 label-switches the packet and forwards it with one label to PE1.

PE1 forwards an unlabeled IP packet to CE1.

ASBRs exchange labeled IPv4 routes for the system addresses of PE routers.

It requires a route reflector to be configured in each AS for successful operation.

VPN-IPv4 routes are neither maintained nor distributed by the ASBRs.

PE routers in different ASes exchange VPN-IPv4 routes directly between each other using MP-eBGP.

Configuring labeled eBGP sessions between CSC-CE and CSC-PE routers.

Configuring a policy on each CSC-CE to advertise local PE addresses to the network provider.

Configuring labeled iBGP sessions between PEs residing in different customer carrier sites.

Advertising the received system addresses of remote PEs using either iBGP or IGP/LDP within each customer carrier site.

CE2 forwards an unlabeled IP packet to PE2 via the VPRN interface.

PE2 pushes one label on the IP packet and label-switches it to ASBR2.

ASBR2 forwards an unlabeled IP packet to ASBR1.

ASBR1 pushes two labels on the IP packet and label-switches the packet to PE1.

It requires the configuration of back-to-back VRFs between ASBR routers in different autonomous systems

It is the most scalable of the Inter-AS models.

Most routers that support VPRN functionality support model A by default.

It uses conventional eBGP to distribute unlabeled IPv4 routes between ASBR routers in different autonomous systems.

PE1 advertises spoke routes to CE1.

The primary VRF on PE1 is used to route data packets from the hub CE to the spoke sites.

The secondary VRF on PE1 contains routes learned from the spoke sites.

Spoke sites do not learn routes from other spoke sites directly.