Free CompTIA CLO-002 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers

 A proof of value (POV) is a method of testing a cloud solution before fully adopting it, to ensure that it meets the company’s operations and business processes. A POV can help a company avoid failure of a cloud project by validating the feasibility, functionality, and benefits of the cloud solution, and identifying any gaps or issues that need to be resolved. A POV can also help a company compare different cloud solutions and select the best one for their needs. A POV is different from a proof of concept (POC), which is a more technical demonstration of the cloud solution’s capabilities and performance. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (Exam CLO-002), Chapter 3: Cloud Planning, Section 3.2: Cloud Adoption, Subsection 3.2.2: Proof of Value1

Reserved instances are a type of cloud pricing model that allows customers to reserve a certain amount of cloud resources for a fixed period of time, usually one or three years, and pay a lower rate than the on-demand or pay-as-you-go model. Reserved instances are suitable for workloads that have predictable and stable resource consumption, as they can help customers save up to 75% of the cloud costs compared to the on-demand model1. However, reserved instances also require a long-term commitment and upfront payment, which may reduce the flexibility and scalability of the cloud.

The other options are not likely to help the company reduce the cost of infrastructure:

• Pay-as-you-go: This is a type of cloud pricing model that allows customers to pay only for the resources they use, without any upfront or long-term commitment. Pay-as-you-go is suitable for workloads that have variable and unpredictable resource consumption, as it provides flexibility and scalability. However, pay-as-you-go is also the most expensive cloud pricing model, as it charges a higher rate per unit of resource than the reserved or spot instances models1.
• Spot instances: This is a type of cloud pricing model that allows customers to bid for unused cloud resources at a discounted rate, usually up to 90% lower than the on-demand model1. Spot instances are suitable for workloads that are flexible, interruptible, and not time-sensitive, as they can be terminated at any time by the cloud provider when the demand or price increases. Spot instances can help customers save a lot of money, but they also introduce a high level of uncertainty and risk to the cloud environment.
• Bring your own license: This is a type of cloud pricing model that allows customers to use their existing software licenses on the cloud, instead of purchasing new licenses from the cloud provider. Bring your own license can help customers reduce the software costs, but it does not affect the cost of infrastructure, which is based on the amount and type of cloud resources used2.

References:

• Cloud Pricing Models: On-Demand, Reserved, and Spot Instances
• Bring Your Own License (BYOL) in Cloud Computing

Operating expenditure (OPEX) fees are variable costs that depend on the usage of cloud services, such as storage, bandwidth, compute, or licensing fees. OPEX fees are typically charged by the cloud provider on a monthly or pay-as-you-go basis. A small business that migrates from on-premises CRM software to a cloud provider must consider the OPEX fees as part of the total cost of ownership (TCO) of the cloud solution. OPEX fees can vary depending on the demand, performance, availability, and scalability of the cloud service. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Exam Objectives1, CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Study Guide, Chapter 2: Business Principles of Cloud Environments

 Availability is the degree to which a system or service is accessible and functional when required. Availability can be measured by metrics such as uptime, downtime, and service level agreements (SLAs). Availability can be improved by implementing replication, redundancy, and disaster recovery strategies in the cloud. Replication is the process of creating and maintaining multiple copies of data or resources across different locations or regions. Redundancy is the provision of extra or backup components or systems to prevent or mitigate failures. Disaster recovery is the ability to restore normal operations after a disruptive event, such as a natural disaster, a cyberattack, or a human error. By implementing these strategies, cloud users can ensure that their data and services are always accessible and resilient to failures or disasters. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, page 103-104; CompTIA Cloud+ (Plus) Certification

Geo-redundancy is the strategy of sending copies of data to a distant region from the original cloud storage location. This provides protection against regional disasters or outages that might affect the primary data center. A CSR (cloud service provider) is a third-party company that offers cloud-based services such as storage, computing, networking, or software. A company that uses a CSR to store its data in a geo-redundant manner is leveraging the benefits of cloud computing, such as scalability, availability, and cost-effectiveness. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, page 103; CompTIA Cloud Storage Requirements- What You Need to Know

HTTPS and SSH are considered secure access types of hosts in the cloud because they use encryption and authentication to protect the data and the identity of the users. HTTPS is a protocol that uses SSL or TLS to encrypt the communication between a web browser and a web server. SSH is a protocol that allows secure remote login and file transfer over a network. Both HTTPS and SSH prevent unauthorized access, eavesdropping, and tampering of the data in transit. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (Exam CLO-002), Chapter 3: Security in the Cloud, pages 83-84.

The best solution for this scenario is Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI). VDI is a cloud service model that provides users with virtual desktops that run on a centralized server. Users can access their virtual desktops remotely from any device, such as a laptop, tablet, or smartphone, using a thin client or a web browser. VDI enables users to access business applications without installing them on their own devices, which ensures that these applications are only installed on company-controlled equipment. VDI also allows users to modify their personal working environments, such as desktop settings, wallpapers, or preferences, which are saved on the server and persist across sessions. VDI can offer benefits such as improved security, reduced hardware costs, centralized management, and enhanced user experience. The other options are not the best solutions for this scenario. Single Sign-On (SSO) is a cloud service that enables users to log in to multiple applications or systems with one set of credentials, which simplifies authentication and improves security. However, SSO does not provide users with remote access to business applications or personal working environments. Secure Shell (SSH) is a network protocol that allows secure remote access to a server or a device using encryption and authentication. SSH can be used to execute commands, transfer files, or tunnel network traffic. However, SSH does not provide users with virtual desktops or business applications. Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a network technology that creates a secure connection between a remote device and a private network over a public network, such as the Internet. VPN can be used to access network resources, such as files, printers, or applications, that are not available otherwise. However, VPN does not provide users with virtual desktops or personal working environments. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (Exam CLO-002), Chapter 2: Cloud Concepts, Section 2.3: Cloud Service Models, p. 64-65

 An application programming interface (API) is a set of rules and protocols that enable different applications to communicate and exchange data and functionality. APIs can simplify software development and innovation by allowing applications to access the data and services of other applications, especially those hosted on the cloud. APIs can also speed up the development process by reducing the need to write code from scratch or maintain complex infrastructure. For a mobile application development team that requires frequent software updates and wants to leverage third-party-hosted services, using APIs is the best approach for speed and efficiency. APIs can help the team to integrate their application with the cloud-based services they need, such as authentication, storage, analytics, or payment processing. APIs can also help the team to deliver updates faster and more reliably, as they can use the cloud provider’s APIs to deploy, test, and monitor their application. APIs can also enable the team to be first-to-market on a new feature, as they can use existing APIs to access the functionality they need, rather than building it themselves.

References:

• 1: What is an Application Programming Interface (API)? | IBM
• 2: What is an API (Application Programming Interface)? | AWS
• 3: Cloud APIs | Complete Guide | Akana by Perforce
• CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (Exam CLO-002), Chapter 8: Applications and Big Data in the Cloud, Section 8.1: Cloud Application Architecture4

Incident response is the policy that defines how an organization responds to a security breach or cyberattack that affects its data, systems, or operations. It is most critical for being in compliance with regulatory agencies because it helps to minimize the impact of the incident, preserve the evidence, and restore the normal operations as soon as possible. Regulatory agencies often require organizations to report any incidents that compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the data they handle, especially if it involves personal or sensitive information. Failure to comply with these reporting obligations can result in fines, penalties, or legal actions. Therefore, having an effective incident response policy is essential for ensuring compliance and protecting the reputation of the organization123. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (Exam CLO-002), Chapter 3: Security in the Cloud, pages 75-76.

 Encryption is the process of transforming data into an unreadable format using a secret key or algorithm. Encryption is the best way to address the requirement of data confidentiality, as it ensures that only authorized parties can access and understand the data, while unauthorized parties cannot. Encryption can protect data at rest, in transit, and in use, which are the three possible states of data in cloud computing environments1. Encryption can also help comply with various regulations and standards that require data protection, such as GDPR, HIPAA, or PCI DSS2.

Authorization, validation, and sanitization are not the best ways to address the requirement of data confidentiality, as they do not provide the same level of protection as encryption. Authorization is the process of granting or denying access to data or resources based on the identity or role of the user or system. Authorization can help control who can access the data, but it does not prevent unauthorized access or leakage of the data3. Validation is the process of verifying the accuracy, completeness, and quality of the data. Validation can help ensure the data is correct and consistent, but it does not prevent the data from being exposed or compromised4. Sanitization is the process of removing sensitive or confidential data from a storage device or a data set. Sanitization can help prevent the data from being recovered or reused, but it does not protect the data while it is stored or processed5. References: Data security and encryption best practices; An Overview of Cloud Cryptography; What is Data Validation? | Talend; Data Sanitization - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics; What is Encryption? | Cloudflare.