Free CompTIA CAS-004 Practice Exam with Questions & Answers | Set: 10

The process ID 87 can be the starting point for an investigation of a possible buffer overflow attack, as it shows a high percentage of CPU utilization (99.7%) and a suspicious command name (graphic.linux_randomization.prg). A buffer overflow attack is a type of attack that exploits a vulnerability in an application or system that allows an attacker to write data beyond the allocated buffer size, potentially overwriting memory segments and executing malicious code. A high CPU utilization could indicate that the process is performing intensive or abnormal operations, such as a buffer overflow attack. A suspicious command name could indicate that the process is trying to disguise itself or evade detection, such as by mimicking a legitimate program or using random characters. The other process IDs do not show signs of a buffer overflow attack, as they have low CPU utilization and normal command names. Verified References: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-buffer-overflow https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide

DRM (digital rights management) is a technology that can protect intellectual property from theft by restricting the access, use, modification, or distribution of digital content or devices. DRM can use encryption, authentication, licensing, watermarking, or other methods to enforce the rights and permissions granted by the content owner or provider to authorized users or devices. DRM can preventunauthorized copying, sharing, or piracy of digital content, such as software, music, movies, or books. Watermarking is not a technology that can protect intellectual property from theft by itself, but a technique that can embed identifying information or marks in digital content or media, such as images, audio, or video. Watermarking can help prove ownership or origin of digital content, but it does not prevent unauthorized access or use of it. NDA (non-disclosure agreement) is not a technology that can protect intellectual property from theft by itself, but a legal contract that binds parties to keep certain information confidential and not disclose it to unauthorized parties. NDA can help protect sensitive or proprietary information from exposure or misuse, but it does not prevent unauthorized access or use of it. Access logging is not a technology that can protect intellectual property from theft by itself, but a technique that can record the activities or events related to accessing data or resources. Access logging can help monitor or audit access to data or resources, but it does not prevent unauthorized access or use of them. Verified References: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-drm https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide

Steganalysis is the process of detecting hidden data in files or media, such as images, audio, or video. One technique of steganalysis is to identify least significant bit encoding, which is a method of hiding data by altering the least significant bits of each byte in a file. For example, a .wav file could contain hidden data encoded in the least significant bits of each audio sample. Steganalysis techniques can helpforensic responders to discover hidden evidence or malicious payloads. Breaking a symmetric cipher, determining the frequency of attacks, or maintaining chain of custody are not related to steganalysis. Verified References: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-steganography https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide

 This could be the cause of the lack of visibility from the WAF (Web Application Firewall) for the web application, as the WAF may not be able to inspect or block unencrypted HTTP traffic. To solve this issue, the web server should redirect all HTTP requests to HTTPS and use SSL/TLS certificates to encrypt the traffic.

Configuring user settings in Group Policy is the best way for an administrator to implement the decision to restrict PowerShell access to only administrators. Group Policy is a feature of Windows that allows administrators to manage and enforce settings for users and computers in a domain. By using Group Policy, an administrator can create a policy that blocks or disables PowerShell for all users except for a particular group, such as administrators. This policy can be applied to all computers in the domain or to specific organizational units. This method is more effective and manageable than uninstalling PowerShell, monitoring event logs, providing user education, or blocking PowerShell via HIDS. Verified References:

https://www.windowscentral.com/how-disable-powershell-windows-10

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/answers/questions/195218/how-to-restrict-powershell-for-all-users-except-fo

https://windowsloop.com/block-disable-powershell/

The most likely cause of the error is the failure of TPM authentication. TPM stands for Trusted Platform Module, which is a hardware component that stores encryption keys and other security information. TPM can be used by BitLocker to protect the encryption keys and verify the integrity of the boot process. If TPM fails to authenticate the laptop, BitLocker will enter recovery mode and ask for a recovery PIN, which is a 48-digit numerical password that can be used to unlock the system. The administrator should check the TPM status and configuration and make sure it is working properly. Verified References:

https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/finding-your-bitlocker-recovery-key-in-windows-6b71ad27-0b89-ea08-f143-056f5ab347d6

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/operating-system-security/data-protection/bitlocker/bitlocker-recovery-guide-plan

https://docs.sophos.com/esg/sgn/8-1/user/win/en-us/esg/SafeGuard-Enterprise/tasks/BitLockerRecoveryKey.html

The SAN (Subject Alternative Name) field in a certificate can include multiple types of entries, including DNS names and email addresses. These are explicit options within the SAN extension, allowing a single certificate to be valid for multiple domain names and email addresses. This is often used in multi-domain SSL certificates, where a single certificate needs to be valid for multiple subdomains or different domain names.

While the company has implemented Single Sign-On (SSO) with strong passwords, additional security controls are required to mitigate attacks such as LDAP injections, brute-force, whaling, and spear-phishing. Two-factor authentication (2FA) provides an additional layer of security by requiring users to provide two different forms of authentication (e.g., a password and a security token or a biometric factor), reducing the likelihood of unauthorized access even if passwords are compromised. CASP+ emphasizes the importance of using multi-factor authentication mechanisms to strengthen access control and protect against such attacks.

A Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) is a process used to evaluate and manage privacy risks associated with the collection, use, and storage of personally identifiable information (PII). One of the key functions of a PIA is to document residual risks, which are the privacy risks that remain after controls have been applied. By identifying and documenting these risks, organizations can make informed decisions about whether additional measures are needed or whether certain risks are acceptable.

“Geofencing capabilities in a mobile device management (MDM) solution allow administrators to define a virtual perimeter—based on GPS or network identifiers—around a physical location. Devices that exit the geofence can be automatically restricted or disabled, preventing them from functioning outside the approved area, and will automatically resume normal operation once they re-enter the perimeter. This approach deters unauthorized removal while allowing legitimate, temporary off-site use (for example, if a device is accidentally taken home and returned).”

— CompTIA CASP+ Official Study Guide, Third Edition, Chapter 5: Mobile Device Security, p. 278

“Implement geofencing as part of an enterprise MDM strategy to enforce location-based access controls. Unlike remote wipe— which is irreversible—geofencing ensures devices remain usable when returned, and unlike encryption or simple location monitoring, it enforces a policy that directly blocks functionality outside authorized zones.”

— CompTIA CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives (v7.1), Section 4.3: Mobile Device Management, p. 26

By configuring a geofence around the warehouse, the company ensures that mobile devices become non-functional if removed beyond the defined boundary, yet automatically restore full functionality when brought back, effectively deterring theft without risking permanent data loss or requiring user intervention.

Secure coding training focused on OWASP principlesis the most comprehensive long-term solution to address the root cause of XSS vulnerabilities by ensuring developers understand how to write secure code, including proper encoding and input validation.

Option A (Static analysis): This helps identify vulnerabilities in code but does not address the root cause.

Option B (Secure library): While useful, it does not tackle inconsistent secure coding practices across the team.

Option C (API management): This is more relevant for API-related security but does not resolve broader XSS issues.

Option D (DAST tool): Dynamic testing identifies issues in runtime but does not prevent them in development.